根据MSDN, Median在Transact-SQL中不能作为聚合函数使用。但是,我想知道是否可以创建此功能(使用create Aggregate函数、用户定义函数或其他方法)。
最好的方法(如果可能的话)是什么——允许在聚合查询中计算中值(假设是数值数据类型)?
根据MSDN, Median在Transact-SQL中不能作为聚合函数使用。但是,我想知道是否可以创建此功能(使用create Aggregate函数、用户定义函数或其他方法)。
最好的方法(如果可能的话)是什么——允许在聚合查询中计算中值(假设是数值数据类型)?
当前回答
在UDF中,写:
Select Top 1 medianSortColumn from Table T
Where (Select Count(*) from Table
Where MedianSortColumn <
(Select Count(*) From Table) / 2)
Order By medianSortColumn
其他回答
更好的是:
SELECT @Median = AVG(1.0 * val)
FROM
(
SELECT o.val, rn = ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY o.val), c.c
FROM dbo.EvenRows AS o
CROSS JOIN (SELECT c = COUNT(*) FROM dbo.EvenRows) AS c
) AS x
WHERE rn IN ((c + 1)/2, (c + 2)/2);
来自主人,伊兹克·本甘!
我只是在寻找一个基于集的中位数的解决方案时偶然发现了这一页。在研究了一些解决方案之后,我想到了以下几点。希望是有用的。
DECLARE @test TABLE(
i int identity(1,1),
id int,
score float
)
INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (1,10)
INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (1,11)
INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (1,15)
INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (1,19)
INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (1,20)
INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (2,20)
INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (2,21)
INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (2,25)
INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (2,29)
INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (2,30)
INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (3,20)
INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (3,21)
INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (3,25)
INSERT INTO @test (id,score) VALUES (3,29)
DECLARE @counts TABLE(
id int,
cnt int
)
INSERT INTO @counts (
id,
cnt
)
SELECT
id,
COUNT(*)
FROM
@test
GROUP BY
id
SELECT
drv.id,
drv.start,
AVG(t.score)
FROM
(
SELECT
MIN(t.i)-1 AS start,
t.id
FROM
@test t
GROUP BY
t.id
) drv
INNER JOIN @test t ON drv.id = t.id
INNER JOIN @counts c ON t.id = c.id
WHERE
t.i = ((c.cnt+1)/2)+drv.start
OR (
t.i = (((c.cnt+1)%2) * ((c.cnt+2)/2))+drv.start
AND ((c.cnt+1)%2) * ((c.cnt+2)/2) <> 0
)
GROUP BY
drv.id,
drv.start
这是我能想到的最简单的答案。我的数据处理得很好。如果你想排除某些值,只需在内部select中添加where子句。
SELECT TOP 1
ValueField AS MedianValue
FROM
(SELECT TOP(SELECT COUNT(1)/2 FROM tTABLE)
ValueField
FROM
tTABLE
ORDER BY
ValueField) A
ORDER BY
ValueField DESC
--Create Temp Table to Store Results in
DECLARE @results AS TABLE
(
[Month] datetime not null
,[Median] int not null
);
--This variable will determine the date
DECLARE @IntDate as int
set @IntDate = -13
WHILE (@IntDate < 0)
BEGIN
--Create Temp Table
DECLARE @table AS TABLE
(
[Rank] int not null
,[Days Open] int not null
);
--Insert records into Temp Table
insert into @table
SELECT
rank() OVER (ORDER BY DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm, 0, DATEADD(ss, SVR.close_date, '1970')), 0), DATEDIFF(day,DATEADD(ss, SVR.open_date, '1970'),DATEADD(ss, SVR.close_date, '1970')),[SVR].[ref_num]) as [Rank]
,DATEDIFF(day,DATEADD(ss, SVR.open_date, '1970'),DATEADD(ss, SVR.close_date, '1970')) as [Days Open]
FROM
mdbrpt.dbo.View_Request SVR
LEFT OUTER JOIN dbo.dtv_apps_systems vapp
on SVR.category = vapp.persid
LEFT OUTER JOIN dbo.prob_ctg pctg
on SVR.category = pctg.persid
Left Outer Join [mdbrpt].[dbo].[rootcause] as [Root Cause]
on [SVR].[rootcause]=[Root Cause].[id]
Left Outer Join [mdbrpt].[dbo].[cr_stat] as [Status]
on [SVR].[status]=[Status].[code]
LEFT OUTER JOIN [mdbrpt].[dbo].[net_res] as [net]
on [net].[id]=SVR.[affected_rc]
WHERE
SVR.Type IN ('P')
AND
SVR.close_date IS NOT NULL
AND
[Status].[SYM] = 'Closed'
AND
SVR.parent is null
AND
[Root Cause].[sym] in ( 'RC - Application','RC - Hardware', 'RC - Operational', 'RC - Unknown')
AND
(
[vapp].[appl_name] in ('3PI','Billing Rpts/Files','Collabrent','Reports','STMS','STMS 2','Telco','Comergent','OOM','C3-BAU','C3-DD','DIRECTV','DIRECTV Sales','DIRECTV Self Care','Dealer Website','EI Servlet','Enterprise Integration','ET','ICAN','ODS','SB-SCM','SeeBeyond','Digital Dashboard','IVR','OMS','Order Services','Retail Services','OSCAR','SAP','CTI','RIO','RIO Call Center','RIO Field Services','FSS-RIO3','TAOS','TCS')
OR
pctg.sym in ('Systems.Release Health Dashboard.Problem','DTV QA Test.Enterprise Release.Deferred Defect Log')
AND
[Net].[nr_desc] in ('3PI','Billing Rpts/Files','Collabrent','Reports','STMS','STMS 2','Telco','Comergent','OOM','C3-BAU','C3-DD','DIRECTV','DIRECTV Sales','DIRECTV Self Care','Dealer Website','EI Servlet','Enterprise Integration','ET','ICAN','ODS','SB-SCM','SeeBeyond','Digital Dashboard','IVR','OMS','Order Services','Retail Services','OSCAR','SAP','CTI','RIO','RIO Call Center','RIO Field Services','FSS-RIO3','TAOS','TCS')
)
AND
DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm, 0, DATEADD(ss, SVR.close_date, '1970')), 0) = DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm,0,DATEADD(mm,@IntDate,getdate())), 0)
ORDER BY [Days Open]
DECLARE @Count AS INT
SELECT @Count = COUNT(*) FROM @table;
WITH MyResults(RowNo, [Days Open]) AS
(
SELECT RowNo, [Days Open] FROM
(SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY [Days Open]) AS RowNo, [Days Open] FROM @table) AS Foo
)
insert into @results
SELECT
DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm,0,DATEADD(mm,@IntDate,getdate())), 0) as [Month]
,AVG([Days Open])as [Median] FROM MyResults WHERE RowNo = (@Count+1)/2 OR RowNo = ((@Count+1)%2) * ((@Count+2)/2)
set @IntDate = @IntDate+1
DELETE FROM @table
END
select *
from @results
order by [Month]
如果你想在SQL Server中使用创建聚合函数,这是如何做到的。这样做的好处是能够编写干净的查询。注意,这个过程可以很容易地计算一个百分位值。
创建一个新的Visual Studio项目,并将目标框架设置为。net 3.5(这是针对SQL 2008的,在SQL 2012中可能有所不同)。然后创建一个类文件,并放入以下代码或c#等效代码:
Imports Microsoft.SqlServer.Server
Imports System.Data.SqlTypes
Imports System.IO
<Serializable>
<SqlUserDefinedAggregate(Format.UserDefined, IsInvariantToNulls:=True, IsInvariantToDuplicates:=False, _
IsInvariantToOrder:=True, MaxByteSize:=-1, IsNullIfEmpty:=True)>
Public Class Median
Implements IBinarySerialize
Private _items As List(Of Decimal)
Public Sub Init()
_items = New List(Of Decimal)()
End Sub
Public Sub Accumulate(value As SqlDecimal)
If Not value.IsNull Then
_items.Add(value.Value)
End If
End Sub
Public Sub Merge(other As Median)
If other._items IsNot Nothing Then
_items.AddRange(other._items)
End If
End Sub
Public Function Terminate() As SqlDecimal
If _items.Count <> 0 Then
Dim result As Decimal
_items = _items.OrderBy(Function(i) i).ToList()
If _items.Count Mod 2 = 0 Then
result = ((_items((_items.Count / 2) - 1)) + (_items(_items.Count / 2))) / 2@
Else
result = _items((_items.Count - 1) / 2)
End If
Return New SqlDecimal(result)
Else
Return New SqlDecimal()
End If
End Function
Public Sub Read(r As BinaryReader) Implements IBinarySerialize.Read
'deserialize it from a string
Dim list = r.ReadString()
_items = New List(Of Decimal)
For Each value In list.Split(","c)
Dim number As Decimal
If Decimal.TryParse(value, number) Then
_items.Add(number)
End If
Next
End Sub
Public Sub Write(w As BinaryWriter) Implements IBinarySerialize.Write
'serialize the list to a string
Dim list = ""
For Each item In _items
If list <> "" Then
list += ","
End If
list += item.ToString()
Next
w.Write(list)
End Sub
End Class
然后编译它,并将DLL和PDB文件复制到您的SQL Server机器,在SQL Server中运行以下命令:
CREATE ASSEMBLY CustomAggregate FROM '{path to your DLL}'
WITH PERMISSION_SET=SAFE;
GO
CREATE AGGREGATE Median(@value decimal(9, 3))
RETURNS decimal(9, 3)
EXTERNAL NAME [CustomAggregate].[{namespace of your DLL}.Median];
GO
然后你可以写一个查询来计算中位数,就像这样: SELECT dbo.Median(Field) FROM Table