我需要从一个文本文件读取和写入数据,但我还没有弄清楚怎么做。

我在Swift的iBook中找到了这个示例代码,但我仍然不知道如何写入或读取数据。

import Cocoa

class DataImporter {
    /*
    DataImporter is a class to import data from an external file.
    The class is assumed to take a non-trivial amount of time to initialize.
    */
    var fileName = "data.txt"
    // the DataImporter class would provide data importing functionality here
}

class DataManager {
    @lazy var importer = DataImporter()
    var data = String[]()
    // the DataManager class would provide data management functionality here
}

let manager = DataManager()
manager.data += "Some data"
manager.data += "Some more data"
// the DataImporter instance for the importer property has not yet been created”

println(manager.importer.fileName)
// the DataImporter instance for the importer property has now been created
// prints "data.txt”    

var str = "Hello World in Swift Language."

当前回答

新的更简单和推荐的方法: 苹果建议使用url进行文件处理,这里的其他解决方案似乎已被弃用(见下面的评论)。 下面是新的简单的读写URL的方法:

Swift 5+, 4和3.1

import Foundation  // Needed for those pasting into Playground

let fileName = "Test"
let dir = try? FileManager.default.url(for: .documentDirectory, 
      in: .userDomainMask, appropriateFor: nil, create: true)

guard let fileURL = dir?.appendingPathComponent(fileName).appendingPathExtension("txt") else {
    fatalError("Not able to create URL")
}
    
// Writing to the file named Test
let outString = "Write this text to the file"
do {
    try outString.write(to: fileURL, atomically: true, encoding: .utf8)
} catch {
    assertionFailure("Failed writing to URL: \(fileURL), Error: " + error.localizedDescription)
}
    
// Reading it back from the file
var inString = ""
do {
    inString = try String(contentsOf: fileURL)
} catch {
    assertionFailure("Failed reading from URL: \(fileURL), Error: " + error.localizedDescription)
}
print("Read from the file: \(inString)")

其他回答

写入ViewDidLoad

var error: NSError?
var paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(.DocumentDirectory, NSSearchPathDomainMask.UserDomainMask, true)
var documentsDirectory = paths.first as String
var dataPath = documentsDirectory.stringByAppendingPathComponent("MyFolder")

if !NSFileManager.defaultManager().fileExistsAtPath(dataPath) {
    NSFileManager.defaultManager().createDirectoryAtPath(dataPath, withIntermediateDirectories: false, attributes: nil, error: &error)
} else {
    println("not creted or exist")
}

func listDocumentDirectoryfiles() -> [String] {
    if let documentDirectory = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(.DocumentDirectory, .UserDomainMask, true).first as? String {
        let myFilePath = documentDirectory.stringByAppendingPathComponent("MyFolder")
        return NSFileManager.defaultManager().contentsOfDirectoryAtPath(myFilePath, error: nil) as [String]
    }
    return []
}

你可能会发现这个工具不仅可以从Swift中读取文件,还可以解析你的输入:https://github.com/shoumikhin/StreamScanner

只需要像这样指定文件路径和数据分隔符:

import StreamScanner

if let input = NSFileHandle(forReadingAtPath: "/file/path")
{
    let scanner = StreamScanner(source: input, delimiters: NSCharacterSet(charactersInString: ":\n"))  //separate data by colons and newlines

    while let field: String = scanner.read()
    {
        //use field
    }
}

希望这有帮助。

为了避免混淆并增加易用性,我创建了两个函数,用于向documents目录中的文件读取和写入字符串。功能如下:

func writeToDocumentsFile(fileName:String,value:String) {
    let documentsPath = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(.DocumentDirectory, .UserDomainMask, true)[0] as! NSString
    let path = documentsPath.stringByAppendingPathComponent(fileName)
    var error:NSError?
    value.writeToFile(path, atomically: true, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding, error: &error)
}

func readFromDocumentsFile(fileName:String) -> String {
    let documentsPath = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(.DocumentDirectory, .UserDomainMask, true)[0] as! NSString
    let path = documentsPath.stringByAppendingPathComponent(fileName)
    var checkValidation = NSFileManager.defaultManager()
    var error:NSError?
    var file:String

    if checkValidation.fileExistsAtPath(path) {
        file = NSString(contentsOfFile: path, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding, error: nil) as! String
    } else {
        file = "*ERROR* \(fileName) does not exist."
    }

    return file
}

下面是一个使用它们的例子:

writeToDocumentsFile("MyText.txt","Hello world!")

let value = readFromDocumentsFile("MyText.txt")
println(value)  //Would output 'Hello world!'

let otherValue = readFromDocumentsFile("SomeText.txt")
println(otherValue)  //Would output '*ERROR* SomeText.txt does not exist.'

希望这能有所帮助!

Xcode版本:6.3.2

假设你已经将你的文本文件data.txt移动到你的Xcode-project中(使用拖放并勾选“必要时复制文件”),你可以像在Objective-C中一样执行以下操作:

let bundle = NSBundle.mainBundle()
let path = bundle.pathForResource("data", ofType: "txt")        
let content = NSString.stringWithContentsOfFile(path) as String

println(content) // prints the content of data.txt

更新: 对于从Bundle (iOS)读取文件,您可以使用:

let path = NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource("FileName", ofType: "txt")
var text = String(contentsOfFile: path!, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding, error: nil)!
println(text)

Swift 3更新:

let path = Bundle.main.path(forResource: "data", ofType: "txt") // file path for file "data.txt"
var text = String(contentsOfFile: path!, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding, error: nil)!

Swift 5

let path = Bundle.main.path(forResource: "ListAlertJson", ofType: "txt") // file path for file "data.txt"
let string = try String(contentsOfFile: path!, encoding: String.Encoding.utf8)

Xcode 8。3. Swift;X或以上

do {
    // get the documents folder url
    if let documentDirectory = FileManager.default.urls(for: .documentDirectory, in: .userDomainMask).first {
        // create the destination url for the text file to be saved
        let fileURL = documentDirectory.appendingPathComponent("file.txt")
        // define the string/text to be saved
        let text = "Hello World !!!"
        // writing to disk 
        // Note: if you set atomically to true it will overwrite the file if it exists without a warning
        try text.write(to: fileURL, atomically: false, encoding: .utf8)
        print("saving was successful")
        // any posterior code goes here
        // reading from disk
        let savedText = try String(contentsOf: fileURL)
        print("savedText:", savedText)   // "Hello World !!!\n"
    }
} catch {
    print("error:", error)
}