我有一个字符串列表，我想执行一个自然的字母排序。
例如，下面的列表是自然排序(我想要的):
['elm0', 'elm1', 'Elm2', 'elm9', 'elm10', 'Elm11', 'Elm12', 'elm13']
下面是上面列表的“排序”版本(我使用sorted()得到的):
['Elm11', 'Elm12', 'Elm2', 'elm0', 'elm1', 'elm10', 'elm13', 'elm9']
我在寻找一个排序函数它的行为和第一个一样。
当前回答
这是一个更高级的解决方案，由Claudiu和Mark Byers改进:
它使用casefold()而不是lower()来匹配字符串 您可以传递另一个键lambda来选择一个内部元素(就像您习惯使用普通排序函数一样) 它当然适用于列表。Sort, sorted, max，等等。
def natural_sort(key=None, _nsre=re.compile('([0-9]+)')):
return lambda x: [int(text) if text.isdigit() else text.casefold()
for text in _nsre.split(key(x) if key else x)]
使用示例:
# Original solution
data.sort(key=natural_sort)
# Select an additional key
image_files.sort(key=natural_sort(lambda x: x.original_filename))
其他回答
>>> import re
>>> sorted(lst, key=lambda x: int(re.findall(r'\d+$', x)[0]))
['elm0', 'elm1', 'Elm2', 'elm9', 'elm10', 'Elm11', 'Elm12', 'elm13']
a = ['H1', 'H100', 'H10', 'H3', 'H2', 'H6', 'H11', 'H50', 'H5', 'H99', 'H8']
b = ''
c = []
def bubble(bad_list):#bubble sort method
length = len(bad_list) - 1
sorted = False
while not sorted:
sorted = True
for i in range(length):
if bad_list[i] > bad_list[i+1]:
sorted = False
bad_list[i], bad_list[i+1] = bad_list[i+1], bad_list[i] #sort the integer list
a[i], a[i+1] = a[i+1], a[i] #sort the main list based on the integer list index value
for a_string in a: #extract the number in the string character by character
for letter in a_string:
if letter.isdigit():
#print letter
b += letter
c.append(b)
b = ''
print 'Before sorting....'
print a
c = map(int, c) #converting string list into number list
print c
bubble(c)
print 'After sorting....'
print c
print a
应答:
气泡排序作业
如何在python中一次读一个字母的字符串
下面是马克·拜尔斯的另一个版本的回答。这个版本演示了如何传入一个属性名，该属性名将用于计算列表中的对象。
def natural_sort(l, attrib):
convert = lambda text: int(text) if text.isdigit() else text.lower()
alphanum_key = lambda key: [convert(c) for c in re.split('([0-9]+)', key.__dict__[attrib])]
return sorted(l, key=alphanum_key)
results = natural_sort(albums, 'albumid')
其中albums是一个Album实例列表，albumid是一个字符串属性，名义上包含数字。
上面的答案对于上面给出的具体例子是有用的，但对于更普遍的自然排序问题，却遗漏了几个有用的例子。我刚刚被其中一个案例咬了一口，所以想出了一个更彻底的解决方案:
def natural_sort_key(string_or_number):
"""
by Scott S. Lawton <scott@ProductArchitect.com> 2014-12-11; public domain and/or CC0 license
handles cases where simple 'int' approach fails, e.g.
['0.501', '0.55'] floating point with different number of significant digits
[0.01, 0.1, 1] already numeric so regex and other string functions won't work (and aren't required)
['elm1', 'Elm2'] ASCII vs. letters (not case sensitive)
"""
def try_float(astring):
try:
return float(astring)
except:
return astring
if isinstance(string_or_number, basestring):
string_or_number = string_or_number.lower()
if len(re.findall('[.]\d', string_or_number)) <= 1:
# assume a floating point value, e.g. to correctly sort ['0.501', '0.55']
# '.' for decimal is locale-specific, e.g. correct for the Anglosphere and Asia but not continental Europe
return [try_float(s) for s in re.split(r'([\d.]+)', string_or_number)]
else:
# assume distinct fields, e.g. IP address, phone number with '.', etc.
# caveat: might want to first split by whitespace
# TBD: for unicode, replace isdigit with isdecimal
return [int(s) if s.isdigit() else s for s in re.split(r'(\d+)', string_or_number)]
else:
# consider: add code to recurse for lists/tuples and perhaps other iterables
return string_or_number
测试代码和几个链接(在StackOverflow上和关闭)在这里: http://productarchitect.com/code/better-natural-sort.py
欢迎您的反馈。这并不是一个明确的解决方案;只是向前迈出了一步。
这是一个更高级的解决方案，由Claudiu和Mark Byers改进:
它使用casefold()而不是lower()来匹配字符串 您可以传递另一个键lambda来选择一个内部元素(就像您习惯使用普通排序函数一样) 它当然适用于列表。Sort, sorted, max，等等。
def natural_sort(key=None, _nsre=re.compile('([0-9]+)')):
return lambda x: [int(text) if text.isdigit() else text.casefold()
for text in _nsre.split(key(x) if key else x)]
使用示例:
# Original solution
data.sort(key=natural_sort)
# Select an additional key
image_files.sort(key=natural_sort(lambda x: x.original_filename))
