I recently hit this problem. In my case, I have NuGet packages on different assemblies. What I had was different versions of the same NuGet packages associated with my own assemblies. My solution was to use the NuGet package manager upon the Solution, as opposed to the individual projects. This enables a "consolidation" option, where you can upgrade your NuGet packages across as many projects as you want - so they all reference the same version of the assembly. When I did the consolidations, the build failure disappeared.

如果你的主项目使用了一些库项目并引用了它们，当你在库项目中更改某些内容时(例如:重命名一个类)，如果你的项目引用了一个程序集dll文件而不是库项目，就会导致这个问题。

您可以在对象浏览器窗口(菜单视图->对象浏览器)中按视图检查对主项目的所有引用。对dll文件的引用总是有一个版本号。示例:TestLib [1.0.0.0]

解决方案:删除主项目对库项目的当前引用，并重新添加对该库项目的引用。

在我的解决方案中有太多的项目需要逐一检查和单独更新，所以我通过以下方法解决了这个问题:

右键单击我的解决方案并选择“管理解决方案的NuGet包…” 进入更新选项卡 找到受影响的包并选择Update 单击OK，这将使包的所有实例保持最新

为任何人添加我的解决方案，这可能会有所帮助。

I had a ClickOnce solution throwing this error. The app referenced a common "Libs" folder and contained a project reference to a Foo.dll. While none of the projects in the solution referenced the static copy of the Foo.dll in the "Libs" folder, some of the references in that folder did (ie: my solution had refs to Libs\Bar.dll which referenced Foo.dll.) Since the CO app pulled all the dependencies from Libs as well as their dependencies, both copies were going into the project. This was generating the error above.

我通过将我的Libs\Foo.dll静态版本移动到一个子文件夹Libs\Fix\Foo.dll来解决这个问题。此更改使ClickOnce应用程序只使用DLL的项目版本，并且错误消失了。

这里有一个不同的方法来解决这个问题:

右键单击项目并选择“卸载项目”选项。您将注意到您的项目变得不可用。 右键单击不可用项目并选择“Edit”选项。 向下滚动到包含所有资源标记的“< ItemGroup >”标记。 现在转到已经显示在错误列表中的引用，您将注意到它使用了单个标记(即< reference Include="assemble_name_here, Version=0.0.0.0, Culture=neutral" / >)。 更改为如下所示:

.

<Reference Include="assemble_name_here, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, processorArchitecture=MSIL" >
    < Private > True < / Private >
    < HintPath > path_here\assemble_name_here.dll < / HintPath >
< / Reference >

保存您的更改，再次右键单击不可用的项目，然后单击“重新加载项目”选项，然后构建。

当我遇到这个问题时，我通过关闭“启用ClickOnce安全设置”来解决它。

菜单:项目|“项目名称”属性…|安全选项卡|“启用ClickOnce安全设置”复选框。