Django可以很好地自动序列化从DB返回到JSON格式的ORM模型。
如何序列化SQLAlchemy查询结果为JSON格式?
我试过jsonpickle。编码,但它编码查询对象本身。
我尝试了json.dumps(items),但它返回
TypeError: <Product('3', 'some name', 'some desc')> is not JSON serializable
将SQLAlchemy ORM对象序列化为JSON /XML真的那么难吗?它没有任何默认序列化器吗?现在序列化ORM查询结果是非常常见的任务。
我所需要的只是返回SQLAlchemy查询结果的JSON或XML数据表示。
需要在javascript datagird中使用JSON/XML格式的SQLAlchemy对象查询结果(JQGrid http://www.trirand.com/blog/)
在Flask下,它工作并处理datatime字段,转换类型字段
“时间”:datetime。Datetime(2018, 3, 22, 15, 40)成
“时间”:“2018-03-22 15:40:00”:
obj = {c.name: str(getattr(self, c.name)) for c in self.__table__.columns}
# This to get the JSON body
return json.dumps(obj)
# Or this to get a response object
return jsonify(obj)
class SqlToDict:
def __init__(self, data) -> None:
self.data = data
def to_timestamp(self, date):
if isinstance(date, datetime):
return int(datetime.timestamp(date))
else:
return date
def to_dict(self) -> List:
arr = []
for i in self.data:
keys = [*i.keys()]
values = [*i]
values = [self.to_timestamp(d) for d in values]
arr.append(dict(zip(keys, values)))
return arr
例如:
SqlToDict(data).to_dict()
在Flask下,它工作并处理datatime字段,转换类型字段
“时间”:datetime。Datetime(2018, 3, 22, 15, 40)成
“时间”:“2018-03-22 15:40:00”:
obj = {c.name: str(getattr(self, c.name)) for c in self.__table__.columns}
# This to get the JSON body
return json.dumps(obj)
# Or this to get a response object
return jsonify(obj)
自定义序列化和反序列化。
"from_json"(类方法)基于json数据构建一个Model对象。
“反序列化”只能在实例上调用,并将json中的所有数据合并到Model实例中。
"serialize" -递归序列化
需要__write_only__属性来定义只写属性(例如“password_hash”)。
class Serializable(object):
__exclude__ = ('id',)
__include__ = ()
__write_only__ = ()
@classmethod
def from_json(cls, json, selfObj=None):
if selfObj is None:
self = cls()
else:
self = selfObj
exclude = (cls.__exclude__ or ()) + Serializable.__exclude__
include = cls.__include__ or ()
if json:
for prop, value in json.iteritems():
# ignore all non user data, e.g. only
if (not (prop in exclude) | (prop in include)) and isinstance(
getattr(cls, prop, None), QueryableAttribute):
setattr(self, prop, value)
return self
def deserialize(self, json):
if not json:
return None
return self.__class__.from_json(json, selfObj=self)
@classmethod
def serialize_list(cls, object_list=[]):
output = []
for li in object_list:
if isinstance(li, Serializable):
output.append(li.serialize())
else:
output.append(li)
return output
def serialize(self, **kwargs):
# init write only props
if len(getattr(self.__class__, '__write_only__', ())) == 0:
self.__class__.__write_only__ = ()
dictionary = {}
expand = kwargs.get('expand', ()) or ()
prop = 'props'
if expand:
# expand all the fields
for key in expand:
getattr(self, key)
iterable = self.__dict__.items()
is_custom_property_set = False
# include only properties passed as parameter
if (prop in kwargs) and (kwargs.get(prop, None) is not None):
is_custom_property_set = True
iterable = kwargs.get(prop, None)
# loop trough all accessible properties
for key in iterable:
accessor = key
if isinstance(key, tuple):
accessor = key[0]
if not (accessor in self.__class__.__write_only__) and not accessor.startswith('_'):
# force select from db to be able get relationships
if is_custom_property_set:
getattr(self, accessor, None)
if isinstance(self.__dict__.get(accessor), list):
dictionary[accessor] = self.__class__.serialize_list(object_list=self.__dict__.get(accessor))
# check if those properties are read only
elif isinstance(self.__dict__.get(accessor), Serializable):
dictionary[accessor] = self.__dict__.get(accessor).serialize()
else:
dictionary[accessor] = self.__dict__.get(accessor)
return dictionary
更详细的解释。
在你的模型中,添加:
def as_dict(self):
return {c.name: str(getattr(self, c.name)) for c in self.__table__.columns}
str()是针对python3的,所以如果使用python2则使用unicode()。它应该有助于反序列化日期。如果不处理这些,你可以删除它。
现在可以像这样查询数据库
some_result = User.query.filter_by(id=current_user.id).first().as_dict()
需要First()来避免奇怪的错误。As_dict()现在将反序列化结果。反序列化之后,就可以将其转换为json了
jsonify(some_result)