我有一个经常从Visual Studio数据库项目重新部署的开发数据库(通过TFS自动构建)。

有时当我运行我的构建时,我会得到这个错误:

ALTER DATABASE failed because a lock could not be placed on database 'MyDB'. Try again later.  
ALTER DATABASE statement failed.  
Cannot drop database "MyDB" because it is currently in use.  

我试了一下:

ALTER DATABASE MyDB SET RESTRICTED_USER WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE

但我仍然无法删除数据库。(我猜大多数开发人员都有dbo访问权限。)

我可以手动运行SP_WHO并开始终止连接,但我需要在自动构建中自动执行此操作。(虽然这次我的连接是数据库中唯一一个我试图放弃的连接。)

是否有一个脚本可以删除我的数据库,而不管连接的是谁?


当前回答

USE master
GO
ALTER DATABASE database_name
SET OFFLINE WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE
GO

裁判:http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb522682%28v=sql.105%29.aspx

其他回答

SELECT
    spid,
    sp.[status],
    loginame [Login],
    hostname, 
    blocked BlkBy,
    sd.name DBName, 
    cmd Command,
    cpu CPUTime,
    memusage Memory,
    physical_io DiskIO,
    lastwaittype LastWaitType,
    [program_name] ProgramName,
    last_batch LastBatch,
    login_time LoginTime,
    'kill ' + CAST(spid as varchar(10)) as 'Kill Command'
FROM master.dbo.sysprocesses sp 
JOIN master.dbo.sysdatabases sd ON sp.dbid = sd.dbid
WHERE sd.name NOT IN ('master', 'model', 'msdb') 
--AND sd.name = 'db_name' 
--AND hostname like 'hostname1%' 
--AND loginame like 'username1%'
ORDER BY spid

/* If a service connects continously. You can automatically execute kill process then run your script:
DECLARE @sqlcommand nvarchar (500)
SELECT @sqlcommand = 'kill ' + CAST(spid as varchar(10))
FROM master.dbo.sysprocesses sp 
JOIN master.dbo.sysdatabases sd ON sp.dbid = sd.dbid
WHERE sd.name NOT IN ('master', 'model', 'msdb') 
--AND sd.name = 'db_name' 
--AND hostname like 'hostname1%' 
--AND loginame like 'username1%'
--SELECT @sqlcommand
EXEC sp_executesql @sqlcommand
*/
USE master
GO
ALTER DATABASE database_name
SET OFFLINE WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE
GO

裁判:http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb522682%28v=sql.105%29.aspx

你可以像这样使用光标:

USE master
GO

DECLARE @SQL AS VARCHAR(255)
DECLARE @SPID AS SMALLINT
DECLARE @Database AS VARCHAR(500)
SET @Database = 'AdventureWorks2016CTP3'

DECLARE Murderer CURSOR FOR
SELECT spid FROM sys.sysprocesses WHERE DB_NAME(dbid) = @Database

OPEN Murderer

FETCH NEXT FROM Murderer INTO @SPID
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0

    BEGIN
    SET @SQL = 'Kill ' + CAST(@SPID AS VARCHAR(10)) + ';'
    EXEC (@SQL)
    PRINT  ' Process ' + CAST(@SPID AS VARCHAR(10)) +' has been killed'
    FETCH NEXT FROM Murderer INTO @SPID
    END 

CLOSE Murderer
DEALLOCATE Murderer

我在我的博客里写过: http://www.pigeonsql.com/single-post/2016/12/13/Kill-all-connections-on-DB-by-Cursor

更新

适用于MS SQL Server 2012及以上版本

USE [master];

DECLARE @kill varchar(8000) = '';  
SELECT @kill = @kill + 'kill ' + CONVERT(varchar(5), session_id) + ';'  
FROM sys.dm_exec_sessions
WHERE database_id  = db_id('MyDB')

EXEC(@kill);

对于MS SQL Server 2000, 2005, 2008

USE master;

DECLARE @kill varchar(8000); SET @kill = '';  
SELECT @kill = @kill + 'kill ' + CONVERT(varchar(5), spid) + ';'  
FROM master..sysprocesses  
WHERE dbid = db_id('MyDB')

EXEC(@kill); 

公认的答案有一个缺点,即它没有考虑到数据库可能被正在执行查询的连接所锁定,该查询涉及到所连接的数据库以外的数据库中的表。

如果服务器实例有多个数据库,并且查询直接或间接(例如通过同义词)使用多个数据库中的表等,就会出现这种情况。

因此,我发现有时最好使用syslockinfo来查找要删除的连接。

因此,我的建议是使用AlexK给出的接受答案的以下变体:

USE [master];

DECLARE @kill varchar(8000) = '';  
SELECT @kill = @kill + 'kill ' + CONVERT(varchar(5), req_spid) + ';'  
FROM master.dbo.syslockinfo
WHERE rsc_type = 2
AND rsc_dbid  = db_id('MyDB')

EXEC(@kill);