我需要一个简单的解决方案。我知道这和其他一些问题类似，比如:
固定标题和固定列的HTML表? 我如何锁定表的第一行和第一列时滚动，可能使用JavaScript和CSS?
但我只需要一个单独的左列被冻结，我更喜欢一个简单的和无脚本的解决方案。
当前回答
对我来说，这是唯一一个完美的(感谢保罗·奥布莱恩!): https://codepen.io/paulobrien/pen/gWoVzN
以下是片段:
// requires jquery library jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery(".main-table").clone(true).appendTo('#table-scroll').addClass('clone'); }); .table-scroll { position:relative; max-width:600px; margin:auto; overflow:hidden; border:1px solid #000; } .table-wrap { width:100%; overflow:auto; } .table-scroll table { width:100%; margin:auto; border-collapse:separate; border-spacing:0; } .table-scroll th, .table-scroll td { padding:5px 10px; border:1px solid #000; background:#fff; white-space:nowrap; vertical-align:top; } .table-scroll thead, .table-scroll tfoot { background:#f9f9f9; } .clone { position:absolute; top:0; left:0; pointer-events:none; } .clone th, .clone td { visibility:hidden } .clone td, .clone th { border-color:transparent } .clone tbody th { visibility:visible; color:red; } .clone .fixed-side { border:1px solid #000; background:#eee; visibility:visible; } .clone thead, .clone tfoot{background:transparent;} <div id="table-scroll" class="table-scroll"> <div class="table-wrap"> <table class="main-table"> <thead> <tr> <th class="fixed-side" scope="col"> </th> <th scope="col">Header 2</th> <th scope="col">Header 3</th> <th scope="col">Header 4</th> <th scope="col">Header 5</th> <th scope="col">Header 6</th> <th scope="col">Header 7</th> <th scope="col">Header 8</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <th class="fixed-side">Left Column</th> <td>Cell content<br> test</td> <td><a href="#">Cell content longer</a></td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="fixed-side">Left Column</th> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content longer</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="fixed-side">Left Column</th> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content longer</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="fixed-side">Left Column</th> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content longer</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="fixed-side">Left Column</th> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content longer</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="fixed-side">Left Column</th> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content longer</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> <td>Cell content</td> </tr> </tbody> <tfoot> <tr> <th class="fixed-side"> </th> <td>Footer 2</td> <td>Footer 3</td> <td>Footer 4</td> <td>Footer 5</td> <td>Footer 6</td> <td>Footer 7</td> <td>Footer 8</td> </tr> </tfoot> </table> </div> </div> <p>See <a href="https://codepen.io/paulobrien/pen/LBrMxa" target="blank">position Sticky version </a>with no JS</p> <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.3/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
其他回答
当我在我的mac上测试之前的所有答案时，Opera都有bug。 如果在表中滚动，经过第一个不固定的列后，固定的列就会消失。我继续编写下面的代码。它适用于我在本地安装的所有浏览器。我不知道ie是怎么处理的。
请记住，如果您打算跳过一个表中的行而不是另一个表中的行，或者更改行的高度，您可能需要调整这段代码。
<table class = "fixedColumns">
<tr><td> row 1 </td></tr>
<tr><td> row 2 </td></tr>
</table>
<table class = "scrollableTable">
<tr><td> col 1 </td> <td> col 2 </td><td> col 3 </td><td> col 4 </td></tr>
<tr><td> col 1 </td> <td> col 2 </td><td> col 3 </td><td> col 4 </td></tr>
</table>
<style type = "text/css" >
.fixedColumns
{
vertical-align:top;
display: inline-block;
}
.scrollableTable
{
display: inline-block;
width:50px;
white-space: nowrap;
overflow-x: scroll;
}
</style>
下面是对最流行答案的另一种修改，但在第一列标签中处理了可变长度的文本: http://jsfiddle.net/ozx56n41/
基本上，我用第二列来创建行高，就像前面提到的。但我的小提琴实际上不像上面提到的那样。
HTML:
<div id="outerdiv">
<div id="innerdiv">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="headcol"><div>This is a long label</div></td>
<td class="hiddenheadcol"><div>This is a long label</div></td>
<td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td>
<td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="headcol"><div>Short label</div></td>
<td class="hiddenheadcol"><div>Short label</div></td>
<td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td>
<td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
CSS:
body {
font: 16px Calibri;
}
#outerdiv {
position: absolute;
top: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
width: 100%;
border-top: 1px solid grey;
}
#innerdiv {
overflow-x: scroll;
margin-left: 100px;
overflow-y: visible;
padding-bottom: 1px;
}
table {
border-collapse:separate;
}
td {
margin: 0;
border: 1px solid grey;
border-top-width: 0;
border-left-width: 0px;
padding: 10px;
}
td.headcol {
/* Frozen 1st column */
position: absolute;
left: 0;
top: auto;
border-bottom-width: 1px;
padding: 0;
border-left-width: 1px;
}
td.hiddenheadcol {
/* Hidden 2nd column to create height */
max-width: 0;
visibility: hidden;
padding: 0;
}
td.headcol div {
/* Text container in the 1st column */
width: 100px;
max-width: 100px;
background: lightblue;
padding: 10px;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
td.hiddenheadcol div {
/* Text container in the 2nd column */
width: 100px;
max-width: 100px;
background: red;
padding: 10px;
}
td.long {
background:yellow;
letter-spacing:1em;
}
我改进了断路器的例子，原来的例子代码将动摇固定列，因为表有填充，我使用边界崩溃:崩溃禁用它
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<!--mobile friendly-->
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, user-scalable=yes">
<style>
.view {
margin: auto;
width: 600px;
}
.wrapper {
position: relative;
overflow: auto;
border: 1px solid black;
white-space: nowrap;
}
.sticky-col {
position: -webkit-sticky;
position: sticky;
background-color: white;
}
.first-col {
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
left: 0;
}
.second-col {
left: 200px;
}
.col {
width: 200px;
min-width: 200px;
max-width: 200px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="view">
<div class="wrapper">
<table class="table" style="border-collapse: collapse;">
<colgroup>
<col class="col"/>
<col class="col"/>
<col class="col"/>
<col class="col"/>
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="sticky-col first-col">Number</th>
<th class="sticky-col second-col">First Name</th>
<th>Last Name</th>
<th>Employer</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="sticky-col first-col">1</td>
<td class="sticky-col second-col">Mark</td>
<td>Ham</td>
<td>Micro</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="sticky-col first-col">2</td>
<td class="sticky-col second-col">Jacob</td>
<td>Smith</td>
<td>Adob Adob Adob AdobAdob Adob Adob Adob Adob</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="sticky-col first-col">3</td>
<td class="sticky-col second-col">Larry</td>
<td>Wen</td>
<td>Goog Goog Goog GoogGoog Goog Goog Goog Goog Goog</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
如果您想要一个只有列水平滚动的表，您可以定位:绝对第一列(并显式指定其宽度)，然后将整个表包装在一个overflow-x: scroll块中。但是，不要在IE7中尝试这个…
相关的HTML和CSS:
table { border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0; border-top: 1px solid grey; } td, th { margin: 0; border: 1px solid grey; white-space: nowrap; border-top-width: 0px; } div { width: 500px; overflow-x: scroll; margin-left: 5em; overflow-y: visible; padding: 0; } .headcol { position: absolute; width: 5em; left: 0; top: auto; border-top-width: 1px; /*only relevant for first row*/ margin-top: -1px; /*compensate for top border*/ } .headcol:before { content: 'Row '; } .long { background: yellow; letter-spacing: 1em; } <div> <table> <tr> <th class="headcol">1</th> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="headcol">2</th> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="headcol">3</th> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="headcol">4</th> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="headcol">5</th> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> </tr> <tr> <th class="headcol">6</th> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> <td class="long">QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM</td> </tr> </table> </div>
小提琴
在左列宽度固定的情况下，Eamon Nerbonne提供了最佳解决方案。
在可变宽度左列的情况下，我发现的最佳解决方案是制作两个相同的表，并将一个放在另一个上面。演示:http://jsfiddle.net/xG5QH/6/。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style type="text/css">
/* important styles */
.container {
/* Attach fixed-th-table to this container,
in order to layout fixed-th-table
in the same way as scolled-td-table" */
position: relative;
/* Truncate fixed-th-table */
overflow: hidden;
}
.fixed-th-table-wrapper td,
.fixed-th-table-wrapper th,
.scrolled-td-table-wrapper td,
.scrolled-td-table-wrapper th {
/* Set background to non-transparent color
because two tables are one above another.
*/
background: white;
}
.fixed-th-table-wrapper {
/* Make table out of flow */
position: absolute;
}
.fixed-th-table-wrapper th {
/* Place fixed-th-table th-cells above
scrolled-td-table td-cells.
*/
position: relative;
z-index: 1;
}
.scrolled-td-table-wrapper td {
/* Place scrolled-td-table td-cells
above fixed-th-table.
*/
position: relative;
}
.scrolled-td-table-wrapper {
/* Make horizonal scrollbar if needed */
overflow-x: auto;
}
/* Simulating border-collapse: collapse,
because fixed-th-table borders
are below ".scrolling-td-wrapper table" borders
*/
table {
border-spacing: 0;
}
td, th {
border-style: solid;
border-color: black;
border-width: 1px 1px 0 0;
}
th:first-child {
border-left-width: 1px;
}
tr:last-child td,
tr:last-child th {
border-bottom-width: 1px;
}
/* Unimportant styles */
.container {
width: 250px;
}
td, th {
padding: 5px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="fixed-th-table-wrapper">
<!-- fixed-th-table -->
<table>
<tr>
<th>aaaaaaa</th>
<td>ccccccccccc asdsad asd as</td>
<td>ccccccccccc asdsad asd as</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>cccccccc</th>
<td>xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx yyyyyyyyyyyyyy zzzzzzzzzzzzz</td>
<td>xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx yyyyyyyyyyyyyy zzzzzzzzzzzzz</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="scrolled-td-table-wrapper">
<!-- scrolled-td-table
- same as fixed-th-table -->
<table>
<tr>
<th>aaaaaaa</th>
<td>ccccccccccc asdsad asd as</td>
<td>ccccccccccc asdsad asd as</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>cccccccc</th>
<td>xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx yyyyyyyyyyyyyy zzzzzzzzzzzzz</td>
<td>xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx yyyyyyyyyyyyyy zzzzzzzzzzzzz</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
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