是否有办法从用户输入中读取单个字符?例如,他们在终端上按下一个键,它就会返回(有点像getch())。我知道Windows中有这个功能,但我想要跨平台的东西。
当前回答
如果您想只注册一个键,即使用户按了多次或长时间按该键也要按。 为了避免获得多个按下的输入,使用while循环并传递它。
import keyboard
while(True):
if(keyboard.is_pressed('w')):
s+=1
while(keyboard.is_pressed('w')):
pass
if(keyboard.is_pressed('s')):
s-=1
while(keyboard.is_pressed('s')):
pass
print(s)
其他回答
如果你只是想按住屏幕,这样你就可以在终端上看到结果
input()
在代码的末尾,它将保存屏幕
这里回答:python中的raw_input,不按enter
使用这个代码-
from tkinter import Tk, Frame
def __set_key(e, root):
"""
e - event with attribute 'char', the released key
"""
global key_pressed
if e.char:
key_pressed = e.char
root.destroy()
def get_key(msg="Press any key ...", time_to_sleep=3):
"""
msg - set to empty string if you don't want to print anything
time_to_sleep - default 3 seconds
"""
global key_pressed
if msg:
print(msg)
key_pressed = None
root = Tk()
root.overrideredirect(True)
frame = Frame(root, width=0, height=0)
frame.bind("<KeyRelease>", lambda f: __set_key(f, root))
frame.pack()
root.focus_set()
frame.focus_set()
frame.focus_force() # doesn't work in a while loop without it
root.after(time_to_sleep * 1000, func=root.destroy)
root.mainloop()
root = None # just in case
return key_pressed
def __main():
c = None
while not c:
c = get_key("Choose your weapon ... ", 2)
print(c)
if __name__ == "__main__":
__main()
参考:https://github.com/unfor19/mg-tools/blob/master/mgtools/get_key_pressed.py
试试这个:http://home.wlu.edu/~levys/software/kbhit.py 它是非阻塞的(这意味着您可以有一个while循环并检测按键而无需停止它)和跨平台的。
import os
# Windows
if os.name == 'nt':
import msvcrt
# Posix (Linux, OS X)
else:
import sys
import termios
import atexit
from select import select
class KBHit:
def __init__(self):
'''Creates a KBHit object that you can call to do various keyboard things.'''
if os.name == 'nt':
pass
else:
# Save the terminal settings
self.fd = sys.stdin.fileno()
self.new_term = termios.tcgetattr(self.fd)
self.old_term = termios.tcgetattr(self.fd)
# New terminal setting unbuffered
self.new_term[3] = (self.new_term[3] & ~termios.ICANON & ~termios.ECHO)
termios.tcsetattr(self.fd, termios.TCSAFLUSH, self.new_term)
# Support normal-terminal reset at exit
atexit.register(self.set_normal_term)
def set_normal_term(self):
''' Resets to normal terminal. On Windows this is a no-op.
'''
if os.name == 'nt':
pass
else:
termios.tcsetattr(self.fd, termios.TCSAFLUSH, self.old_term)
def getch(self):
''' Returns a keyboard character after kbhit() has been called.
Should not be called in the same program as getarrow().
'''
s = ''
if os.name == 'nt':
return msvcrt.getch().decode('utf-8')
else:
return sys.stdin.read(1)
def getarrow(self):
''' Returns an arrow-key code after kbhit() has been called. Codes are
0 : up
1 : right
2 : down
3 : left
Should not be called in the same program as getch().
'''
if os.name == 'nt':
msvcrt.getch() # skip 0xE0
c = msvcrt.getch()
vals = [72, 77, 80, 75]
else:
c = sys.stdin.read(3)[2]
vals = [65, 67, 66, 68]
return vals.index(ord(c.decode('utf-8')))
def kbhit(self):
''' Returns True if keyboard character was hit, False otherwise.
'''
if os.name == 'nt':
return msvcrt.kbhit()
else:
dr,dw,de = select([sys.stdin], [], [], 0)
return dr != []
使用这个的例子:
import kbhit
kb = kbhit.KBHit()
while(True):
print("Key not pressed") #Do something
if kb.kbhit(): #If a key is pressed:
k_in = kb.getch() #Detect what key was pressed
print("You pressed ", k_in, "!") #Do something
kb.set_normal_term()
或者您可以使用PyPi中的getch模块。但是这会阻塞while循环
用pygame试试这个:
import pygame
pygame.init() // eliminate error, pygame.error: video system not initialized
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keys[pygame.K_SPACE]:
d = "space key"
print "You pressed the", d, "."
这可能是上下文管理器的一个用例。不考虑Windows操作系统,以下是我的建议:
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# file: 'readchar.py'
"""
Implementation of a way to get a single character of input
without waiting for the user to hit <Enter>.
(OS is Linux, Ubuntu 14.04)
"""
import tty, sys, termios
class ReadChar():
def __enter__(self):
self.fd = sys.stdin.fileno()
self.old_settings = termios.tcgetattr(self.fd)
tty.setraw(sys.stdin.fileno())
return sys.stdin.read(1)
def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback):
termios.tcsetattr(self.fd, termios.TCSADRAIN, self.old_settings)
def test():
while True:
with ReadChar() as rc:
char = rc
if ord(char) <= 32:
print("You entered character with ordinal {}."\
.format(ord(char)))
else:
print("You entered character '{}'."\
.format(char))
if char in "^C^D":
sys.exit()
if __name__ == "__main__":
test()
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