是否有一种方法使用SQL列出给定表的所有外键?我知道表名/模式,我可以把它插入。


当前回答

检查ff帖子的解决方案,不要忘记标记这个,当你认为这是有帮助的

http://errorbank.blogspot.com/2011/03/list-all-foreign-keys-references-for.html

SELECT
  o.conname AS constraint_name,
  (SELECT nspname FROM pg_namespace WHERE oid=m.relnamespace) AS source_schema,
  m.relname AS source_table,
  (SELECT a.attname FROM pg_attribute a WHERE a.attrelid = m.oid AND a.attnum = o.conkey[1] AND a.attisdropped = false) AS source_column,
  (SELECT nspname FROM pg_namespace WHERE oid=f.relnamespace) AS target_schema,
  f.relname AS target_table,
  (SELECT a.attname FROM pg_attribute a WHERE a.attrelid = f.oid AND a.attnum = o.confkey[1] AND a.attisdropped = false) AS target_column
FROM
  pg_constraint o LEFT JOIN pg_class f ON f.oid = o.confrelid LEFT JOIN pg_class m ON m.oid = o.conrelid
WHERE
  o.contype = 'f' AND o.conrelid IN (SELECT oid FROM pg_class c WHERE c.relkind = 'r');

其他回答

您可以通过information_schema表来实现这一点。例如:

SELECT
    tc.table_schema, 
    tc.constraint_name, 
    tc.table_name, 
    kcu.column_name, 
    ccu.table_schema AS foreign_table_schema,
    ccu.table_name AS foreign_table_name,
    ccu.column_name AS foreign_column_name 
FROM 
    information_schema.table_constraints AS tc 
    JOIN information_schema.key_column_usage AS kcu
      ON tc.constraint_name = kcu.constraint_name
      AND tc.table_schema = kcu.table_schema
    JOIN information_schema.constraint_column_usage AS ccu
      ON ccu.constraint_name = tc.constraint_name
      AND ccu.table_schema = tc.table_schema
WHERE tc.constraint_type = 'FOREIGN KEY' AND tc.table_name='mytable';

注意:在读取约束列时,不要忘记列的顺序!

SELECT conname, attname
  FROM pg_catalog.pg_constraint c 
  JOIN pg_catalog.pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = c.conrelid AND a.attnum = ANY (c.conkey)
 WHERE attrelid = 'schema.table_name'::regclass
 ORDER BY conname, array_position(c.conkey, a.attnum)

我升级了@ollyc的答案,目前在顶部。 我同意@fionbio,因为key_column_usage和constraint_column_usage在列级上没有相关信息。

如果constraint_column_usage具有像key_column_usage一样的ordinal_position列,则可以将其与该列连接。所以我做了一个ordinal_position到constraint_column_usage如下所示。

我无法确认手动创建的ordinal_position与key_column_usage的顺序完全相同。但我检查了一下,至少在我的箱子里是完全一样的顺序。

SELECT
    tc.table_schema, 
    tc.constraint_name, 
    tc.table_name, 
    kcu.column_name, 
    ccu.table_schema AS foreign_table_schema,
    ccu.table_name AS foreign_table_name,
    ccu.column_name AS foreign_column_name
FROM 
    information_schema.table_constraints AS tc 
    JOIN information_schema.key_column_usage AS kcu
      ON tc.constraint_name = kcu.constraint_name
      AND tc.table_schema = kcu.table_schema
    JOIN (select row_number() over (partition by table_schema, table_name, constraint_name order by row_num) ordinal_position,
                 table_schema, table_name, column_name, constraint_name
          from   (select row_number() over (order by 1) row_num, table_schema, table_name, column_name, constraint_name
                  from   information_schema.constraint_column_usage
                 ) t
         ) AS ccu
      ON ccu.constraint_name = tc.constraint_name
      AND ccu.table_schema = tc.table_schema
      AND ccu.ordinal_position = kcu.ordinal_position
WHERE tc.constraint_type = 'FOREIGN KEY' AND tc.table_name = 'mytable'

检查ff帖子的解决方案,不要忘记标记这个,当你认为这是有帮助的

http://errorbank.blogspot.com/2011/03/list-all-foreign-keys-references-for.html

SELECT
  o.conname AS constraint_name,
  (SELECT nspname FROM pg_namespace WHERE oid=m.relnamespace) AS source_schema,
  m.relname AS source_table,
  (SELECT a.attname FROM pg_attribute a WHERE a.attrelid = m.oid AND a.attnum = o.conkey[1] AND a.attisdropped = false) AS source_column,
  (SELECT nspname FROM pg_namespace WHERE oid=f.relnamespace) AS target_schema,
  f.relname AS target_table,
  (SELECT a.attname FROM pg_attribute a WHERE a.attrelid = f.oid AND a.attnum = o.confkey[1] AND a.attisdropped = false) AS target_column
FROM
  pg_constraint o LEFT JOIN pg_class f ON f.oid = o.confrelid LEFT JOIN pg_class m ON m.oid = o.conrelid
WHERE
  o.contype = 'f' AND o.conrelid IN (SELECT oid FROM pg_class c WHERE c.relkind = 'r');

你可以使用PostgreSQL系统目录。也许您可以查询pg_constraint来请求外键。 您还可以使用信息模式