我不知道如何使用Typescript为我的组件设置默认属性值。

这是源代码:

class PageState
{
}

export class PageProps
{
    foo: string = "bar";
}

export class PageComponent extends React.Component<PageProps, PageState>
{
    public render(): JSX.Element
    {
        return (
            <span>Hello, world</span>
        );
    }
}

当我尝试像这样使用组件时:

ReactDOM.render(<PageComponent />, document.getElementById("page"));

我得到一个错误,说属性foo丢失了。我想使用默认值。我还尝试使用静态defaultProps =…但它并没有像我怀疑的那样起作用。

src/typescript/main.tsx(8,17): error TS2324: Property 'foo' is missing in type 'IntrinsicAttributes & IntrinsicClassAttributes<PageComponent> & PageProps & { children?: ReactEle...'.

如何使用默认属性值?我的公司使用的许多JS组件都依赖于它们,不使用它们是不可取的。


当前回答

功能组件的可选和默认道具(Typescript 4.4+):

export const LoadingSpinner = ({
  size = "lg",
  children,
}: {
  size?: "sm" | "base" | "lg";
  children?: any;
}) => {
console.log(size);
return <div>{children}</div>
};

像这样使用它:

 <LoadingSpinner size="sm"><p>hello</p></LoadingSpinner>
 <LoadingSpinner><p>hello</p></LoadingSpinner>

其他回答

钩子(带有Typescript)

export interface ApprovalRejectModalProps{
 singleFileApprove:boolean;
}

ApproveRejectModal.defaultProps={
 singleFileApprove:false --> default value
}

export const ApproveRejectModal:React.FC<ApprovalRejectModalProps>=(props)=>{
return (
        <div>
            ....
        </div>
       )
}

功能组件

实际上,对于功能性组件的最佳实践如下所示,我创建了一个示例Spinner组件:

import React from 'react';
import { ActivityIndicator } from 'react-native';
import { colors } from 'helpers/theme';

export interface SpinnerProps {
  color?: string;
  size?: 'small' | 'large' | 1 | 0;
  animating?: boolean;
  hidesWhenStopped?: boolean;
}

const Spinner = ({
  color = colors.primary,
  size = 'small',
  animating = true,
  hidesWhenStopped = true,
}: SpinnerProps): JSX.Element => (
  <ActivityIndicator
    color={color}
    size={size}
    animating={animating}
    hidesWhenStopped={hidesWhenStopped}
  />
);

export default Spinner;

如果你的组件有子组件,最好使用React。FC,如下:

export interface TypographyProps {
  color?: string;
}

const Typography: React.FC<TypographyProps> = ({
  children,
  color,
}) => (
  <span style={{ color }}>
    {children}
  </span>
);

export default Typography;

对于函数组件,我宁愿保留props参数,所以这是我的解决方案:

interface Props {
  foo: string;
  bar?: number; 
}

// IMPORTANT!, defaultProps is of type {bar: number} rather than Partial<Props>!
const defaultProps = {
  bar: 1
}


// externalProps is of type Props
const FooComponent = exposedProps => {
  // props works like type Required<Props> now!
  const props = Object.assign(defaultProps, exposedProps);

  return ...
}

FooComponent.defaultProps = defaultProps;

功能组件的可选和默认道具(Typescript 4.4+):

export const LoadingSpinner = ({
  size = "lg",
  children,
}: {
  size?: "sm" | "base" | "lg";
  children?: any;
}) => {
console.log(size);
return <div>{children}</div>
};

像这样使用它:

 <LoadingSpinner size="sm"><p>hello</p></LoadingSpinner>
 <LoadingSpinner><p>hello</p></LoadingSpinner>

Typescript 3.0有一个新的解决方案:

export interface Props {
    name: string;
}

export class Greet extends React.Component<Props> {
    render() {
        const { name } = this.props;
        return <div>Hello ${name.toUpperCase()}!</div>;
    }
    static defaultProps = { name: "world"};
}

// Type-checks! No type assertions needed!
let el = <Greet />

注意,要做到这一点,你需要一个比16.4.6更新的@types/react版本。它适用于16.4.11。