首先让我提一下，我已经看了很多建议的问题，但没有找到相关的答案。这就是我正在做的。
我连接到Amazon EC2实例。我可以用这个命令登录MySQL根目录:
mysql -u root -p
然后我用host %创建了一个新的用户帐单
CREATE USER 'bill'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'passpass';
授予用户bill的所有权限:
grant all privileges on *.* to 'bill'@'%' with grant option;
然后我退出root用户，尝试用bill登录:
mysql -u bill -p
输入正确的密码并得到以下错误:
错误1045(28000):用户“账单”@“localhost”(使用密码:YES)的访问被拒绝
当前回答
这是以下两者之间的区别:
CREATE USER 'bill'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'passpass';
and
CREATE USER 'bill'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'passpass';
检查:
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+---------------+----------------------------+
| user | host |
+---------------+----------------------------+
| bill | % | <=== created by first
| root | 127.0.0.1 |
| root | ::1 |
| root | localhost |
| bill | localhost | <=== created by second
+---------------+----------------------------+
命令
mysql -u bill -p
隐式访问'bill'@'localhost'，而不是'bill'@'%'。
“bill”@“localhost”没有权限
你会得到错误:
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'bill'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
解决问题:
CREATE USER 'bill'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'passpass';
grant all privileges on . to 'bill'@'localhost' with grant option;
其他回答
当你输入mysql -u root -p时，你是在通过本地unix套接字连接到mysql服务器。
不管你给的授权是什么，'bill'@'%'只匹配TCP/IP连接。
如果你想要授予对本地unix套接字的访问权限，你需要授予'bill'@'localhost'权限，奇怪的是，这与'bill'@'127.0.0.1'不一样。
您也可以使用TCP/IP连接mysql命令行客户端，以匹配您已经授予的权限，例如运行mysql -u root -p -h 192.168.1.123或任何您的本地IP地址。
这可能只适用于少数人，但事实就是这样。不要用感叹号!在你的密码里。
我做到了，并使用MariaDB得到了上述错误。当我把它简化成数字和字母时，它是可行的。其他字符，如@和$工作得很好-我在同一实例的不同用户中使用了这些字符。
这个地址的第五次回复让我找到了解决办法。
MySQL account names consist of a user name and a host name, The name 'localhost' in host name indicates the local host also You can use the wildcard characters “%” and “_” in host name or IP address values. These have the same meaning as for pattern-matching operations performed with the LIKE operator. For example, a host value of '%' matches any host name, whereas a value of '%.mysql.com' matches any host in the mysql.com domain. '192.168.1.%' matches any host in the 192.168.1 class C network.
以上只是介绍:
实际上，用户“bill”@“localhost”和“bill”@“%”是不同的MySQL帐户，因此两者都应该使用自己的身份验证细节，如密码。
欲了解更多信息，请参阅http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman//5.5/en/account-names.html
I discovered yet another case that appears on the surface to be an edge case; I can export to the file system, via SELECT INTO .. OUTFILE as root, but not as regular user. While this may be a matter of permissions, I've looked at that, and see nothing especially obvious. All I can say is that executing the query as a regular user who has all permissions on the data base in question returns the access denied error that led me to this topic. When I found the transcript of a successful use of SELECT INTO … OUTFILE in an old project, I noticed that I was logged in as root. Sure enough, when I logged in as root, the query ran as expected.
如果您使用旧版本的MySQL UI(如SQLYoug)，生成的密码带有错误的散列，也会出现这个问题。
用SQL脚本创建用户可以解决这个问题。
