执行以下命令时:
ALTER TABLE `mytable` ADD UNIQUE (
`column1` ,
`column2`
);
我得到了这个错误信息:
#1071 - Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes
columnn1和column2的信息:
column1 varchar(20) utf8_general_ci
column2 varchar(500) utf8_general_ci
我认为varchar(20)只需要21个字节，而varchar(500)只需要501个字节。所以总字节数是522，小于767。为什么我得到了错误消息?
#1071 - Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes
当前回答
Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes
You got that message because 1 byte equals 1 character only if you use the latin-1 character set. If you use utf8, each character will be considered 3 bytes when defining your key column. If you use utf8mb4, each character will be considered to be 4 bytes when defining your key column. Thus, you need to multiply your key field's character limit by, 1, 3, or 4 (in my example) to determine the number of bytes the key field is trying to allow. If you are using uft8mb4, you can only define 191 characters for a native, InnoDB, primary key field. Just don't breach 767 bytes.
其他回答
我发现这个查询在检测哪些列的索引违反了最大长度方面很有用:
SELECT
c.TABLE_NAME As TableName,
c.COLUMN_NAME AS ColumnName,
c.DATA_TYPE AS DataType,
c.CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH AS ColumnLength,
s.INDEX_NAME AS IndexName
FROM information_schema.COLUMNS AS c
INNER JOIN information_schema.statistics AS s
ON s.table_name = c.TABLE_NAME
AND s.COLUMN_NAME = c.COLUMN_NAME
WHERE c.TABLE_SCHEMA = DATABASE()
AND c.CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH > 191
AND c.DATA_TYPE IN ('char', 'varchar', 'text')
由于前缀限制，将发生此错误。在5.7之前的MySQL版本中，对于InnoDB表的前缀限制是767字节。MyISAM表有1000字节长。在MySQL 5.7及以上版本中，这个限制已经增加到3072字节。
在出现错误的服务上运行以下操作可以解决您的问题。这必须在MYSQL CLI中运行。
SET GLOBAL innodb_file_format=Barracuda;
SET GLOBAL innodb_file_per_table=on;
SET GLOBAL innodb_large_prefix=on;
将抱怨索引字段的CHARSET更改为“latin1” 例如:ALTER TABLE tbl CHANGE myfield varchar(600) CHARACTER SET latin1 DEFAULT NULL Latin1为一个字符使用一个字节，而不是四个
您可以添加长列的md5列
当你达到极限的时候。设置如下参数。
INNODB utf8 VARCHAR(255) INNODB utf8mb4 VARCHAR
