我有以下两个表(在MySQL):

Phone_book
+----+------+--------------+
| id | name | phone_number |
+----+------+--------------+
| 1  | John | 111111111111 |
+----+------+--------------+
| 2  | Jane | 222222222222 |
+----+------+--------------+

Call
+----+------+--------------+
| id | date | phone_number |
+----+------+--------------+
| 1  | 0945 | 111111111111 |
+----+------+--------------+
| 2  | 0950 | 222222222222 |
+----+------+--------------+
| 3  | 1045 | 333333333333 |
+----+------+--------------+

我如何找出哪些电话是由电话号码不在电话簿中的人打的?期望的输出将是:

Call
+----+------+--------------+
| id | date | phone_number |
+----+------+--------------+
| 3  | 1045 | 333333333333 |
+----+------+--------------+

当前回答

有几种不同的方法来做到这一点,不同的效率,这取决于你的查询优化器有多好,以及你的两个表的相对大小:

这是最短的语句,如果你的电话簿很短,可能是最快的:

SELECT  *
FROM    Call
WHERE   phone_number NOT IN (SELECT phone_number FROM Phone_book)

或者(感谢Alterlife)

SELECT *
FROM   Call
WHERE  NOT EXISTS
  (SELECT *
   FROM   Phone_book
   WHERE  Phone_book.phone_number = Call.phone_number)

或者(感谢WOPR)

SELECT * 
FROM   Call
LEFT OUTER JOIN Phone_Book
  ON (Call.phone_number = Phone_book.phone_number)
  WHERE Phone_book.phone_number IS NULL

(忽略这一点,正如其他人所说,通常最好只选择你想要的列,而不是“*”)

其他回答

另外,

select id from call
minus
select id from phone_number

有几种不同的方法来做到这一点,不同的效率,这取决于你的查询优化器有多好,以及你的两个表的相对大小:

这是最短的语句,如果你的电话簿很短,可能是最快的:

SELECT  *
FROM    Call
WHERE   phone_number NOT IN (SELECT phone_number FROM Phone_book)

或者(感谢Alterlife)

SELECT *
FROM   Call
WHERE  NOT EXISTS
  (SELECT *
   FROM   Phone_book
   WHERE  Phone_book.phone_number = Call.phone_number)

或者(感谢WOPR)

SELECT * 
FROM   Call
LEFT OUTER JOIN Phone_Book
  ON (Call.phone_number = Phone_book.phone_number)
  WHERE Phone_book.phone_number IS NULL

(忽略这一点,正如其他人所说,通常最好只选择你想要的列,而不是“*”)

我认为

SELECT CALL.* FROM CALL LEFT JOIN Phone_book ON 
CALL.id = Phone_book.id WHERE Phone_book.name IS NULL
SELECT DISTINCT Call.id 
FROM Call 
LEFT OUTER JOIN Phone_book USING (id) 
WHERE Phone_book.id IS NULL

这将返回Phone_book表中缺少的额外id。

SELECT name, phone_number FROM Call a
WHERE a.phone_number NOT IN (SELECT b.phone_number FROM Phone_book b)