我用Android的RecyclerView做过几次物品列表，但这是一个相当复杂的过程。浏览众多在线教程中的一个作品(这个，这个，这个都很好)，但我正在寻找一个简单的示例，我可以复制和粘贴来快速启动和运行。只需要以下特性:
垂直布局 每行都有一个单一的TextView 响应点击事件
因为这个愿望我已经许过好几次了，所以我最终决定把答案写在下面，供我和你们将来参考。
当前回答
首先添加recyclerview库。
implementation 'androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:1.1.0'
创建模型类。
public class UserModel implements Serializable {
private String userName;
public UserModel(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
}
创建适配器类。
public class UsersAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<UsersAdapter.UsersAdapterVh> implements Filterable {
private List<UserModel> userModelList;
private List<UserModel> getUserModelListFiltered;
private Context context;
private SelectedUser selectedUser;
public UsersAdapter(List<UserModel> userModelList,SelectedUser selectedUser) {
this.userModelList = userModelList;
this.getUserModelListFiltered = userModelList;
this.selectedUser = selectedUser;
}
@NonNull
@Override
public UsersAdapter.UsersAdapterVh onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
context = parent.getContext();
return new UsersAdapterVh(LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.row_users,null));
}
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull UsersAdapter.UsersAdapterVh holder, int position) {
UserModel userModel = userModelList.get(position);
String username = userModel.getUserName();
String prefix = userModel.getUserName().substring(0,1);
holder.tvUsername.setText(username);
holder.tvPrefix.setText(prefix);
}
@Override
public int getItemCount() {
return userModelList.size();
}
@Override
public Filter getFilter() {
Filter filter = new Filter() {
@Override
protected FilterResults performFiltering(CharSequence charSequence) {
FilterResults filterResults = new FilterResults();
if(charSequence == null | charSequence.length() == 0){
filterResults.count = getUserModelListFiltered.size();
filterResults.values = getUserModelListFiltered;
}else{
String searchChr = charSequence.toString().toLowerCase();
List<UserModel> resultData = new ArrayList<>();
for(UserModel userModel: getUserModelListFiltered){
if(userModel.getUserName().toLowerCase().contains(searchChr)){
resultData.add(userModel);
}
}
filterResults.count = resultData.size();
filterResults.values = resultData;
}
return filterResults;
}
@Override
protected void publishResults(CharSequence charSequence, FilterResults filterResults) {
userModelList = (List<UserModel>) filterResults.values;
notifyDataSetChanged();
}
};
return filter;
}
public interface SelectedUser{
void selectedUser(UserModel userModel);
}
public class UsersAdapterVh extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
TextView tvPrefix;
TextView tvUsername;
ImageView imIcon;
public UsersAdapterVh(@NonNull View itemView) {
super(itemView);
tvPrefix = itemView.findViewById(R.id.prefix);
tvUsername = itemView.findViewById(R.id.username);
imIcon = itemView.findViewById(R.id.imageView);
itemView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
selectedUser.selectedUser(userModelList.get(getAdapterPosition()));
}
});
}
}
}
创建布局row_uses.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:padding="10dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="50dp"
android:background="@drawable/users_bg"
android:layout_height="50dp">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/prefix"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:textSize="16sp"
android:textColor="@color/headerColor"
android:text="T"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
</RelativeLayout>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/username"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:textSize="16sp"
android:textColor="@color/headerColor"
android:text="username"
android:layout_marginStart="90dp"
android:layout_centerVertical="true"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
<ImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/imageView"
android:layout_margin="10dp"
android:layout_alignParentEnd="true"
android:src="@drawable/ic_navigate_next_black_24dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
</RelativeLayout>
</LinearLayout>
查找recyclerview并填充数据。
Toolbar toolbar;
RecyclerView recyclerView;
List<UserModel> userModelList = new ArrayList<>();
String[] names = {"Richard","Alice","Hannah","David"};
UsersAdapter usersAdapter;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
recyclerView = findViewById(R.id.recyclerview);
toolbar = findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
this.setSupportActionBar(toolbar);
this.getSupportActionBar().setTitle("");
recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this));
recyclerView.addItemDecoration(new DividerItemDecoration(this,DividerItemDecoration.VERTICAL));
for(String s:names){
UserModel userModel = new UserModel(s);
userModelList.add(userModel);
}
usersAdapter = new UsersAdapter(userModelList,this);
recyclerView.setAdapter(usersAdapter);
}
在这里找到完整的教程和源代码:
Android RecyclerView
其他回答
下面是一个类似下图的最小示例。
从一个空活动开始。您将执行以下任务来添加RecyclerView。您所需要做的就是复制并粘贴每个部分中的代码。稍后，您可以自定义它以满足您的需求。
向gradle添加依赖项 为活动和RecyclerView行添加xml布局文件 制作RecyclerView适配器 初始化活动中的RecyclerView
更新Gradle依赖项
确保以下依赖项在你的应用程序gradle中。构建文件:
implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:28.0.0'
implementation 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:28.0.0'
您可以将版本号更新为最新的版本号。如果你还在使用Android Studio 2.x，请使用编译而不是实现。
创建活动布局
将RecyclerView添加到xml布局中。
activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
android:id="@+id/rvAnimals"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
</RelativeLayout>
创建行布局
我们的RecyclerView中的每一行都只会有一个单一的TextView。创建一个新的布局资源文件。
recyclerview_row.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:padding="10dp">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tvAnimalName"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textSize="20sp"/>
</LinearLayout>
创建适配器
RecyclerView需要一个适配器来用您的数据填充每行中的视图。创建一个新的java文件。
MyRecyclerViewAdapter.java
public class MyRecyclerViewAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MyRecyclerViewAdapter.ViewHolder> {
private List<String> mData;
private LayoutInflater mInflater;
private ItemClickListener mClickListener;
// data is passed into the constructor
MyRecyclerViewAdapter(Context context, List<String> data) {
this.mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
this.mData = data;
}
// inflates the row layout from xml when needed
@Override
public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
View view = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.recyclerview_row, parent, false);
return new ViewHolder(view);
}
// binds the data to the TextView in each row
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
String animal = mData.get(position);
holder.myTextView.setText(animal);
}
// total number of rows
@Override
public int getItemCount() {
return mData.size();
}
// stores and recycles views as they are scrolled off screen
public class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder implements View.OnClickListener {
TextView myTextView;
ViewHolder(View itemView) {
super(itemView);
myTextView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.tvAnimalName);
itemView.setOnClickListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
if (mClickListener != null) mClickListener.onItemClick(view, getAdapterPosition());
}
}
// convenience method for getting data at click position
String getItem(int id) {
return mData.get(id);
}
// allows clicks events to be caught
void setClickListener(ItemClickListener itemClickListener) {
this.mClickListener = itemClickListener;
}
// parent activity will implement this method to respond to click events
public interface ItemClickListener {
void onItemClick(View view, int position);
}
}
笔记
虽然不是严格必要的，但我包含了监听行上的单击事件的功能。这在旧的listview中是可用的，是一种常见的需求。如果不需要，可以删除此代码。
在Activity中初始化RecyclerView
将以下代码添加到您的主活动中。
MainActivity.java
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements MyRecyclerViewAdapter.ItemClickListener {
MyRecyclerViewAdapter adapter;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
// data to populate the RecyclerView with
ArrayList<String> animalNames = new ArrayList<>();
animalNames.add("Horse");
animalNames.add("Cow");
animalNames.add("Camel");
animalNames.add("Sheep");
animalNames.add("Goat");
// set up the RecyclerView
RecyclerView recyclerView = findViewById(R.id.rvAnimals);
recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this));
adapter = new MyRecyclerViewAdapter(this, animalNames);
adapter.setClickListener(this);
recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
}
@Override
public void onItemClick(View view, int position) {
Toast.makeText(this, "You clicked " + adapter.getItem(position) + " on row number " + position, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
笔记
注意，该活动实现了我们在适配器中定义的ItemClickListener。这允许我们在onItemClick中处理行单击事件。
完成了
就是这样。您现在应该能够运行您的项目，并获得与顶部图像类似的内容。
发生了
在行之间添加分隔符
你可以像这样加一个简单的分隔符
DividerItemDecoration dividerItemDecoration = new DividerItemDecoration(recyclerView.getContext(),
layoutManager.getOrientation());
recyclerView.addItemDecoration(dividerItemDecoration);
如果你想要一些更复杂的东西，请参阅以下答案:
如何在RecyclerView中添加项目之间的分隔符和空格? 如何在线性布局中缩进分隔符(即，仅在ItemDecoration中添加填充，边距或插入)
在单击时更改行颜色
查看这个答案，了解如何更改背景颜色，并在单击一行时添加涟漪效应。
更新的行
有关如何添加、删除和更新行，请参阅此回答。
进一步的阅读
CodePath 视频教程 Android RecyclerView示例(stacktips教程) RecyclerView在Android:教程
我很高兴我不是唯一一个认为这些“最小”示例都涉及创建至少4个不同文件来创建一个简单工具的人。
下面是Kotlin中的一个独立活动(基于Saifur Rahman Mohsin的回答)，它实现了一个基本的回收器视图:
import android.os.Bundle
import android.view.LayoutInflater
import android.view.View
import android.view.ViewGroup
import android.widget.TextView
import android.widget.Toast
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
class ModelDownloaderActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
val items = (1..50).toList().map { "Item #$it" }
inner class ItemHolder(view: View, var textField: TextView = view.findViewById(android.R.id.text1)) : RecyclerView.ViewHolder(view)
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
// Create recycler view, or find it in Activity's XML file if you prefer
val myLayoutResource: Int? = null // Replace with R.layout.activity_model_downloader if you want to use an XML layout with a recycler view in it
val recyclerView = myLayoutResource?.let {
setContentView(it)
findViewById(R.id.modelRecyclerView) // Replace with ID of your recycler view in layout
} ?: RecyclerView(this).also { setContentView(ConstraintLayout(this).apply { addView(it) }) }
// Bind controls to it.
recyclerView.layoutManager = LinearLayoutManager(this)
recyclerView.adapter = object : RecyclerView.Adapter<ItemHolder>() {
override fun onCreateViewHolder(parent: ViewGroup, viewType: Int) =
ItemHolder(LayoutInflater.from(parent.context).inflate(android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, parent, false))
override fun getItemCount() = items.size
override fun onBindViewHolder(holder: ItemHolder, position: Int) {
holder.textField.text = items[position]
holder.textField.setOnClickListener {
Toast.makeText(this@ModelDownloaderActivity, "Clicked $position", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
}
}
}
}
}
这将是RecyclerView实现的最简单版本。
activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:id="@+id/recycler_view"/>
</FrameLayout>
list_item_view.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="46dp">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/textview"
android:text="TextView"
android:textSize="16dp" />
</LinearLayout>
CustomAdapter.java
public class CustomAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<CustomAdapter.ViewHolder> {
private List<String> data;
public CustomAdapter (List<String> data){
this.data = data;
}
@Override
public CustomAdapter.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
View rowItem = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.list_item_view, parent, false);
return new ViewHolder(rowItem);
}
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(CustomAdapter.ViewHolder holder, int position) {
holder.textView.setText(this.data.get(position));
}
@Override
public int getItemCount() {
return this.data.size();
}
public static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder implements View.OnClickListener {
private TextView textView;
public ViewHolder(View view) {
super(view);
view.setOnClickListener(this);
this.textView = view.findViewById(R.id.textview);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
Toast.makeText(view.getContext(), "position : " + getLayoutPosition() + " text : " + this.textView.getText(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
}
MainActivity.java
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
RecyclerView recyclerView = findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);
recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this));
recyclerView.setAdapter(new CustomAdapter(generateData()));
recyclerView.addItemDecoration(new DividerItemDecoration(this, DividerItemDecoration.VERTICAL));
}
private List<String> generateData() {
List<String> data = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
data.add(String.valueOf(i) + "th Element");
}
return data;
}
}
由于我还不能评论，我将发布一个链接的答案..我在recyclerview上找到了一个简单、组织良好的教程 http://www.androiddeft.com/2017/10/01/recyclerview-android/
除此之外，当你要在你的活动中添加一个回收器视图时，你想做的事情如下所示，你应该如何做，已经在链接中描述了
将RecyclerView组件添加到布局文件中 创建一个要显示为列表行的类 制作一个布局文件，这是你列表中的一行的布局 现在我们需要一个自定义适配器，因此通过扩展来创建一个自定义适配器 从父类RecyclerView。适配器 在mainActivity oncreate中添加recyclerview 添加分隔符 添加Touch监听器
首先，在Recycler视图中查看一些内容
回收器视图适配器可以是这样的。
class CustomAdapter: RecyclerView.Adapter<CustomAdapter.ViewHolder>() {
var data = listOf<String>()
set(value) {
field = value
notifyDataSetChanged()
}
override fun getItemCount() =data.size
override fun onBindViewHolder(holder: ViewHolder, position: Int) {
holder.txt.text= data[position]
}
override fun onCreateViewHolder(parent: ViewGroup, viewType: Int): ViewHolder {
return ViewHolder(
LayoutInflater.from(parent.context).inflate(R.layout.item_view, parent, false)
)
}
class ViewHolder(itemView: View) : RecyclerView.ViewHolder(itemView){
val txt: TextView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.item_text_view)
}
}
并将适配器附加到回收器视图，并将数据附加到适配器
val view = findViewById<RecyclerView>(R.id.recycler_view)
val adapter = CustomAdapter()
val data = listOf("text1", "text2", "text3")
adapter.data = data
view.layoutManager = LinearLayoutManager(this, RecyclerView.VERTICAL, false)
view.adapter = adapter
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