Path.Combine很方便,但是.NET框架中是否有类似的URL函数?

我正在寻找这样的语法:

Url.Combine("http://MyUrl.com/", "/Images/Image.jpg")

这将返回:

"http://MyUrl.com/Images/Image.jpg"


当前回答

如果您不想在ASP.NET Core(也在Microsoft.Owin中提供)中添加第三方依赖项(如Flurl)或创建自定义扩展方法,则可以使用PathString来构建URI路径。然后,可以使用URI和UriBuilder的组合创建完整的URI。

在这种情况下,应为:

new Uri(new UriBuilder("http", "MyUrl.com").Uri, new PathString("/Images").Add("/Image.jpg").ToString())

这提供了所有组成部分,而无需在基URL中指定分隔符。不幸的是,PathString要求在每个字符串前面加上/,否则它实际上会引发ArgumentException!但至少您可以以易于单元测试的方式确定地构建URI。

其他回答

值得一提的是,这里有几个扩展方法。第一个将合并路径,第二个将向URL添加参数。

    public static string CombineUrl(this string root, string path, params string[] paths)
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(path))
        {
            return root;
        }

        Uri baseUri = new Uri(root);
        Uri combinedPaths = new Uri(baseUri, path);

        foreach (string extendedPath in paths)
        {
           combinedPaths = new Uri(combinedPaths, extendedPath);
        }

        return combinedPaths.AbsoluteUri;
    }

    public static string AddUrlParams(this string url, Dictionary<string, string> parameters)
    {
        if (parameters == null || !parameters.Keys.Any())
        {
            return url;
        }

        var tempUrl = new StringBuilder($"{url}?");
        int count = 0;

        foreach (KeyValuePair<string, string> parameter in parameters)
        {
            if (count > 0)
            {
                tempUrl.Append("&");
            }

            tempUrl.Append($"{WebUtility.UrlEncode(parameter.Key)}={WebUtility.UrlEncode(parameter.Value)}");
            count++;
        }

        return tempUrl.ToString();
    }

我必须指出,Path.Combine似乎也能直接实现这一点,至少在.NET 4上是如此。

这里已经有了一些很好的答案。根据mdsharpe的建议,这里有一个扩展方法,当您想处理Uri实例时可以轻松使用:

using System;
using System.Linq;

public static class UriExtensions
{
    public static Uri Append(this Uri uri, params string[] paths)
    {
        return new Uri(paths.Aggregate(uri.AbsoluteUri, (current, path) => string.Format("{0}/{1}", current.TrimEnd('/'), path.TrimStart('/'))));
    }
}

使用示例:

var url = new Uri("http://example.com/subpath/").Append("/part1/", "part2").AbsoluteUri;

这将产生http://example.com/subpath/part1/part2

如果您希望使用字符串而不是Uris,那么以下操作也会产生相同的结果,只需根据您的需要进行调整即可:

public string JoinUriSegments(string uri, params string[] segments)
{
    if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(uri))
        return null;

    if (segments == null || segments.Length == 0)
        return uri;

    return segments.Aggregate(uri, (current, segment) => $"{current.TrimEnd('/')}/{segment.TrimStart('/')}");
}

var uri = JoinUriSegements("http://example.com/subpath/", "/part1/", "part2");

如果您不想拥有像Flurl这样的依赖项,可以使用它的源代码:

    /// <summary>
    /// Basically a Path.Combine for URLs. Ensures exactly one '/' separates each segment,
    /// and exactly on '&amp;' separates each query parameter.
    /// URL-encodes illegal characters but not reserved characters.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="parts">URL parts to combine.</param>
    public static string Combine(params string[] parts) {
        if (parts == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(parts));

        string result = "";
        bool inQuery = false, inFragment = false;

        string CombineEnsureSingleSeparator(string a, string b, char separator) {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(a)) return b;
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(b)) return a;
            return a.TrimEnd(separator) + separator + b.TrimStart(separator);
        }

        foreach (var part in parts) {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(part))
                continue;

            if (result.EndsWith("?") || part.StartsWith("?"))
                result = CombineEnsureSingleSeparator(result, part, '?');
            else if (result.EndsWith("#") || part.StartsWith("#"))
                result = CombineEnsureSingleSeparator(result, part, '#');
            else if (inFragment)
                result += part;
            else if (inQuery)
                result = CombineEnsureSingleSeparator(result, part, '&');
            else
                result = CombineEnsureSingleSeparator(result, part, '/');

            if (part.Contains("#")) {
                inQuery = false;
                inFragment = true;
            }
            else if (!inFragment && part.Contains("?")) {
                inQuery = true;
            }
        }
        return EncodeIllegalCharacters(result);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// URL-encodes characters in a string that are neither reserved nor unreserved. Avoids encoding reserved characters such as '/' and '?'. Avoids encoding '%' if it begins a %-hex-hex sequence (i.e. avoids double-encoding).
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="s">The string to encode.</param>
    /// <param name="encodeSpaceAsPlus">If true, spaces will be encoded as + signs. Otherwise, they'll be encoded as %20.</param>
    /// <returns>The encoded URL.</returns>
    public static string EncodeIllegalCharacters(string s, bool encodeSpaceAsPlus = false) {
        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(s))
            return s;

        if (encodeSpaceAsPlus)
            s = s.Replace(" ", "+");

        // Uri.EscapeUriString mostly does what we want - encodes illegal characters only - but it has a quirk
        // in that % isn't illegal if it's the start of a %-encoded sequence https://stackoverflow.com/a/47636037/62600

        // no % characters, so avoid the regex overhead
        if (!s.Contains("%"))
            return Uri.EscapeUriString(s);

        // pick out all %-hex-hex matches and avoid double-encoding 
        return Regex.Replace(s, "(.*?)((%[0-9A-Fa-f]{2})|$)", c => {
            var a = c.Groups[1].Value; // group 1 is a sequence with no %-encoding - encode illegal characters
            var b = c.Groups[2].Value; // group 2 is a valid 3-character %-encoded sequence - leave it alone!
            return Uri.EscapeUriString(a) + b;
        });
    }

我还没有使用以下代码,但在我的互联网旅行中发现了它,以解决URL组合问题-希望它是一个简洁(并且成功!)的答案:

VirtualPathUtility.Combine