如何在特定范围内生成随机int值?

以下方法存在与整数溢出相关的错误:

randomNum = minimum + (int)(Math.random() * maximum);
// Bug: `randomNum` can be bigger than `maximum`.
Random rn = new Random();
int n = maximum - minimum + 1;
int i = rn.nextInt() % n;
randomNum =  minimum + i;
// Bug: `randomNum` can be smaller than `minimum`.

当前回答

有一个图书馆在https://sourceforge.net/projects/stochunit/用于处理范围的选择。

StochIntegerSelector randomIntegerSelector = new StochIntegerSelector();
randomIntegerSelector.setMin(-1);
randomIntegerSelector.setMax(1);
Integer selectInteger = randomIntegerSelector.selectInteger();

它具有边缘包含/排除。

其他回答

在java-8中,他们在Random类中引入了方法int(int randomNumberOrigin,int randomNumber Bound)。

例如,如果要生成[0,10]范围内的五个随机整数(或单个整数),只需执行以下操作:

Random r = new Random();
int[] fiveRandomNumbers = r.ints(5, 0, 11).toArray();
int randomNumber = r.ints(1, 0, 11).findFirst().getAsInt();

第一个参数仅指示生成的IntStream的大小(这是生成无限IntStream的重载方法)。

如果需要执行多个单独的调用,可以从流中创建无限基元迭代器:

public final class IntRandomNumberGenerator {

    private PrimitiveIterator.OfInt randomIterator;

    /**
     * Initialize a new random number generator that generates
     * random numbers in the range [min, max]
     * @param min - the min value (inclusive)
     * @param max - the max value (inclusive)
     */
    public IntRandomNumberGenerator(int min, int max) {
        randomIterator = new Random().ints(min, max + 1).iterator();
    }

    /**
     * Returns a random number in the range (min, max)
     * @return a random number in the range (min, max)
     */
    public int nextInt() {
        return randomIterator.nextInt();
    }
}

您也可以对双值和长值执行此操作。

public static Random RANDOM = new Random(System.nanoTime());

public static final float random(final float pMin, final float pMax) {
    return pMin + RANDOM.nextFloat() * (pMax - pMin);
}

下面是一个函数,它按照用户42155的请求,在lowerBoundIncluded和upperBoundIncluded定义的范围内返回一个整数随机数

SplitableRandom splitableRandom=新的Splitablerandom();

BiFunction<Integer,Integer,Integer> randomInt = (lowerBoundIncluded, upperBoundIncluded)
    -> splittableRandom.nextInt(lowerBoundIncluded, upperBoundIncluded + 1);

randomInt.apply(…,…);//获取随机数

…或更短,用于一次性生成随机数

new SplittableRandom().nextInt(lowerBoundIncluded, upperBoundIncluded + 1);

使用nexttint(n)方法为最小值和最大值的差值生成一个随机数,然后将最小值添加到结果中:

Random rn = new Random();
int result = rn.nextInt(max - min + 1) + min;
System.out.println(result);

范围[最小值最大值](含)内的随机数:

int randomFromMinToMaxInclusive = ThreadLocalRandom.current()
        .nextInt(min, max + 1);