我想用c#将一个目录的全部内容从一个位置复制到另一个位置。

使用System似乎没有办法做到这一点。没有大量递归的IO类。

如果我们添加对Microsoft的引用,VB中有一个方法可以使用。VisualBasic:

new Microsoft.VisualBasic.Devices.Computer().
    FileSystem.CopyDirectory( sourceFolder, outputFolder );

这似乎是一个相当丑陋的黑客。有没有更好的办法?


当前回答

public static class Extensions
{
    public static void Copy(this DirectoryInfo self, DirectoryInfo destination, bool recursively)
    {
        foreach (var file in self.GetFiles())
        {
            file.CopyTo(Path.Combine(destination.FullName, file.Name));
        }

        if (recursively)
        {
            foreach (var directory in self.GetDirectories())
            {
                directory.Copy(destination.CreateSubdirectory(directory.Name), recursively);
            }
        }
    }
}

使用示例:

var sourceDirectory = new DirectoryInfo(@"C:\source");
var destinationDirectory = new DirectoryInfo(@"C:\destination");

if (destinationDirectory.Exists == false)
{
    sourceDirectory.Copy(destinationDirectory, recursively: true);
}

其他回答

下面是一个DirectoryInfo的扩展方法。CopyTo(注意overwrite参数):

public static DirectoryInfo CopyTo(this DirectoryInfo sourceDir, string destinationPath, bool overwrite = false)
{
    var sourcePath = sourceDir.FullName;

    var destination = new DirectoryInfo(destinationPath);

    destination.Create();

    foreach (var sourceSubDirPath in Directory.EnumerateDirectories(sourcePath, "*", SearchOption.AllDirectories))
        Directory.CreateDirectory(sourceSubDirPath.Replace(sourcePath, destinationPath));

    foreach (var file in Directory.EnumerateFiles(sourcePath, "*", SearchOption.AllDirectories))
        File.Copy(file, file.Replace(sourcePath, destinationPath), overwrite);

    return destination;
}

或者,如果你想走一条艰难的路,为你的微软项目添加一个引用。然后使用下面的代码:

Microsoft.VisualBasic.FileIO.FileSystem.CopyDirectory(fromDirectory, toDirectory);

然而,使用一个递归函数是一个更好的方法,因为它不需要加载VB dll。

这里有一个简洁而有效的解决方案:

namespace System.IO {
  public static class ExtensionMethods {

    public static void CopyTo(this DirectoryInfo srcPath, string destPath) {
      Directory.CreateDirectory(destPath);
      Parallel.ForEach(srcPath.GetDirectories("*", SearchOption.AllDirectories), 
        srcInfo => Directory.CreateDirectory($"{destPath}{srcInfo.FullName[srcPath.FullName.Length..]}"));
      Parallel.ForEach(srcPath.GetFiles("*", SearchOption.AllDirectories), 
        srcInfo => File.Copy(srcInfo.FullName, $"{destPath}{srcInfo.FullName[srcPath.FullName.Length..]}", true));
      });
    }

  }
}

使用方法:

new DirectoryInfo(sourcePath).CopyTo(destinationPath);
public static class Extensions
{
    public static void Copy(this DirectoryInfo self, DirectoryInfo destination, bool recursively)
    {
        foreach (var file in self.GetFiles())
        {
            file.CopyTo(Path.Combine(destination.FullName, file.Name));
        }

        if (recursively)
        {
            foreach (var directory in self.GetDirectories())
            {
                directory.Copy(destination.CreateSubdirectory(directory.Name), recursively);
            }
        }
    }
}

使用示例:

var sourceDirectory = new DirectoryInfo(@"C:\source");
var destinationDirectory = new DirectoryInfo(@"C:\destination");

if (destinationDirectory.Exists == false)
{
    sourceDirectory.Copy(destinationDirectory, recursively: true);
}

我的解决方案基本上是对@Termininja的答案的修改,但我增强了一点,它似乎比公认的答案快5倍以上。

public static void CopyEntireDirectory(string path, string newPath)
{
    Parallel.ForEach(Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path, "*", SearchOption.AllDirectories)
    ,(fileName) =>
    {
        string output = Regex.Replace(fileName, "^" + Regex.Escape(path), newPath);
        if (File.Exists(fileName))
        {
            Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(output));
            File.Copy(fileName, output, true);
        }
        else
            Directory.CreateDirectory(output);
    });
}

编辑:将@Ahmed Sabry修改为完全并行foreach确实会产生更好的结果,但是代码使用递归函数,在某些情况下并不理想。

public static void CopyEntireDirectory(DirectoryInfo source, DirectoryInfo target, bool overwiteFiles = true)
{
    if (!source.Exists) return;
    if (!target.Exists) target.Create();

    Parallel.ForEach(source.GetDirectories(), (sourceChildDirectory) =>
        CopyEntireDirectory(sourceChildDirectory, new DirectoryInfo(Path.Combine(target.FullName, sourceChildDirectory.Name))));

    Parallel.ForEach(source.GetFiles(), sourceFile =>
        sourceFile.CopyTo(Path.Combine(target.FullName, sourceFile.Name), overwiteFiles));
}