如果有人仍然感到困惑，如果你在Mac上，请执行以下操作:

打开终端 输入open .bash_profile 在弹出的文本文件中，在最后添加这行: 出口到PYTHONPATH = $ PYTHONPATH: foo / bar 保存文件，重新启动终端，就完成了

除了操作PYTHONPATH，您还可以创建一个路径配置文件。首先找出Python在哪个目录中搜索这些信息:

python -m site --user-site

出于某种原因，这在Python 2.7中似乎不起作用。你可以使用:

python -c 'import site; site._script()' --user-site

然后在该目录中创建一个.pth文件，其中包含您想要添加的路径(如果目录不存在，则创建该目录)。

例如:

# find directory
SITEDIR=$(python -m site --user-site)

# create if it doesn't exist
mkdir -p "$SITEDIR"

# create new .pth file with our path
echo "$HOME/foo/bar" > "$SITEDIR/somelib.pth"

在linux上，您可以创建从包到PYTHONPATH目录的符号链接，而不必处理环境变量。喜欢的东西:

ln -s /your/path /usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7/

对于那些(像我一样)不想太深入地参与Python文件管理(这似乎过于复杂)的人来说，在我的Windows 11笔记本电脑上创建.pth文件工作得非常完美(我在Windows中使用Visual Studio Code)。所以只要找到你的虚拟环境站点包的文件夹——这是我的:

创建一个扩展名为.pth的文本文件——我把我的文件命名为wheal.pth:

为它添加路径:

在VS Code中最好的事情是导入语句可以识别这个路径(我不得不退出VS Code并返回)，所以现在更多的输入# type: ignore来抑制linting警告消息!

为了添加awesomo的答案，你也可以在~/中添加这一行。Bash_profile或~/.profile

为了给出更多的解释，Python将使用site.py脚本(通常位于sys. py中)自动构造它的搜索路径(如上所述和这里)。Prefix + lib/python<version>/site-packages以及lib/site-python)。可以获取sys.prefix的值:

python -c 'import sys; print(sys.prefix)'

The site.py script then adds a number of directories, dependent upon the platform, such as /usr/{lib,share}/python<version>/dist-packages, /usr/local/lib/python<version>/dist-packages to the search path and also searches these paths for <package>.pth config files which contain specific additional search paths. For example easy-install maintains its collection of installed packages which are added to a system specific file e.g on Ubuntu it's /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/easy-install.pth. On a typical system there are a bunch of these .pth files around which can explain some unexpected paths in sys.path:

python -c 'import sys; print(sys.path)'

因此，可以创建一个.pth文件，并将其放在这些目录中的任何一个目录中(包括上面提到的sitedir)。这似乎是大多数包被添加到系统的方式。而不是使用PYTHONPATH。

Note: On OSX there's a special additional search path added by site.py for 'framework builds' (but seems to work for normal command line use of python): /Library/Python/<version>/site-packages (e.g. for Python2.7: /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/) which is where 3rd party packages are supposed to be installed (see the README in that dir). So one can add a path configuration file in there containing additional search paths e.g. create a file called /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-usr-local.pth which contains /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ and then the system python will add that search path.