最近，我发现这个distutils.dir_util.mkpath:

In [17]: from distutils.dir_util import mkpath

In [18]: mkpath('./foo/bar')
Out[18]: ['foo', 'foo/bar']

使用python3标准库中的Pathlib:

Path(mypath).mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)

If parents is true, any missing parents of this path are created as needed; they are created with the default permissions without taking mode into account (mimicking the POSIX mkdir -p command). If exist_ok is false (the default), an FileExistsError is raised if the target directory already exists. If exist_ok is true, FileExistsError exceptions will be ignored (same behavior as the POSIX mkdir -p command), but only if the last path component is not an existing non-directory file. Changed in version 3.5: The exist_ok parameter was added.

import os
import tempfile

path = tempfile.mktemp(dir=path)
os.makedirs(path)
os.rmdir(path)

我个人已经成功地使用以下方法，但我的函数可能应该被称为“确保此目录存在”:

def mkdirRecursive(dirpath):
    import os
    if os.path.isdir(dirpath): return

    h,t = os.path.split(dirpath) # head/tail
    if not os.path.isdir(h):
        mkdirRecursive(h)

    os.mkdir(join(h,t))
# end mkdirRecursive

最近，我发现这个distutils.dir_util.mkpath:

In [17]: from distutils.dir_util import mkpath

In [18]: mkpath('./foo/bar')
Out[18]: ['foo', 'foo/bar']

如果文件已经存在，Mkdir -p会给出一个错误:

$ touch /tmp/foo
$ mkdir -p /tmp/foo
mkdir: cannot create directory `/tmp/foo': File exists

因此，对前面建议的改进是，如果os.path.isdir返回False(在检查errno.EEXIST时)，将重新引发异常。

(更新)看看这个高度相似的问题;我同意公认的答案(和注意事项)，除了我建议os.path.isdir而不是os.path.exists。

(更新)根据评论中的建议，完整的功能看起来像:

import os
def mkdirp(directory):
    if not os.path.isdir(directory):
        os.makedirs(directory)