从Oracle Java教程:

套接字是网络上运行的两个程序之间双向通信链路的一个端点。套接字与端口号绑定，以便TCP层可以识别数据要发送到的应用程序。

打个比方

尽管上面已经给出了很多关于套接字的技术知识…… 我想补充我的答案，以防万一，如果有人仍然不能感觉到ip，端口和套接字之间的区别

考虑一个服务器S，

假设X、Y、Z需要服务器S提供的服务(比如聊天服务)

then

IP地址告诉——>谁?是X,Y,Z想要联系的聊天服务器'S'吗

好的，你有"谁是服务员"

但假设服务器S也为其他人提供一些其他服务，比如S为A、B、C提供存储服务

then

端口告诉——>哪个?你(X,Y,Z)需要的服务，即聊天服务，而不是存储服务

好吧. .，你让服务器知道“聊天服务”是你想要的，而不是存储

but

您是三个人，服务器可能希望以不同的方式识别所有三个人

这是插座

socket告诉。>是哪个?特定的连接

也就是说，

socket 1用于X人

Y的socket 2

Z的插座3

尽可能简单地说，套接字和端口之间没有物理区别，例如PATA和SATA之间的区别。它们只是一些读写网卡的软件。

A port is essentially a public socket, some of which are well-known/well-accepted, the usual example being 80, dedicated to HTTP. Anyone who wants to exchange traffic using a certain protocol, HTTP in this instance, canonically goes to port 80. Of course, 80 is not physically dedicated to HTTP (it's not physically anything, it's just a number, a logical value), and could be used on some particular machine for some other protocol ad libitum, as long as those attempting to connect know which protocol (which could be quite private) to use.

套接字本质上是一个私有端口，为连接方知道但其他人不一定知道的特定目的而建立。底层传输层通常是TCP或UDP，但也不一定非得如此。最基本的特征是两端都知道发生了什么，不管发生了什么。

这里的关键是，当在某个端口上接收到连接请求时，应答握手包括有关为服务特定请求者而创建的套接字的信息。后续通信通过该(私有)套接字连接进行，而不是服务继续侦听连接请求的公共端口连接。

套接字地址是一个IP地址和端口号

123.132.213.231         # IP address
               :1234    # port number
123.132.213.231:1234    # socket address

当两个套接字绑定在一起时，就发生了连接。

I know that there are lot of explanations. But, there is one more easy way to understand with practical example. We all can connect to HTTP port 80, but does it mean only one user can connect to that port at a time?. The answer is obviously 'no'. Multiple users for multiple purposes can access HTTP port 80 but they still get proper response they are waiting for, from the server, can't they?. Now think about it for a minute, how?. Yes you are correct, its IP address that uniquely identifies different users who contacts for different purposes. If you would have read the previous answers before reaching here, you would know that IP address is a part of information that socket consists. Think about it, is it possible to have a communication without sockets?. The answer is 'Yes' but you cannot run more than one application in a port but we know that we are not a 'Dump' switch that runs on just hardware.

端口:

端口可以指物理连接点 用于外部设备，如串行、并行和USB端口。 术语端口也指某些以太网连接点 如集线器、交换机或路由器上的那些。

套接字:

套接字表示两个网络应用程序之间的单个连接。 这两个应用程序名义上运行在不同的计算机上， 但是套接字也可以用于单台计算机上的进程间通信。 应用程序可以创建多个套接字用于相互通信。 套接字是双向的，这意味着连接的任何一方都能够发送和接收数据。