您可以使用git diff HEAD HEAD ^1查看与父提交的差异。

如果您只想查看文件列表，请添加--stat选项。

一些答案漏掉了一个特例。如何查看根提交所做的更改，因为它没有父/祖先。

Both

git diff＜root_commit＞^<root_commit>

and

git diff＜root_commit＞~<root_commit>

抛出错误。

$git diff 27e521ca73a46b2d3a28568dc49fced81e46aaea~ 27e521ca73a46b2d3a28568dc49fced81e46aaea
fatal: ambiguous argument '27e521ca73a46b2d3a28568dc49fced81e46aaea~': unknown revision or path not in the working tree.
Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:
'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'

git diff＜root_commit＞^！

显示diff btw根提交和HEAD。像这样：

$ git diff 27e521ca73a46b2d3a28568dc49fced81e46aaea^!
diff --git a/file1.txt b/file1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..80f3f1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/file1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Create the first file.
+
+Add some placeholder text to first file.
+
+
diff --git a/file2.txt b/file2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..66e494f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/file2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+This is the second file.
+
+It has an uncommited commit.
+
+We use it to demo default `git diff` behaviour.
+

（这些是所有提交对我的根提交和HEAD所做的更改）。

对于根提交

我只发现

git show--color--prett=格式：%b<root_commit_hash>

作品

像这样：

$ git show --color --pretty=format:%b 27e521ca73a46b2d3a28568dc49fced81e46aaea

diff --git a/README b/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..12a04f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/README
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# git-diff-demo
+
+This repo documents the demo of the git diff command.
+We will have options, and use cases.

（我的根提交仅添加了README）

另一种可能性：

git log -p COMMIT -1

要查看特定COMMIT哈希的差异，其中COMMIT是提交的哈希：

gitdiffCOMMIT~COMMIT将向您展示COMMIT的祖先和COMMIT之间的区别。有关命令和gitrevisions的详细信息，请参阅gitdiff的手册页。

或者，gitshowCOMMIT也会做类似的事情。（提交的数据，包括其diff，但不包括合并提交的数据。）请参阅gitshow手册页。

（gitdiffCOMMIT也会显示COMMIT和头部之间的区别。）

此命令将获取Git父提交哈希：

git log -n 2 <commit-hash>

之后，gitdiff工具<commithash><parentcommithash>

例子：

bonnie@bonnie ~/ $ git log -n 2 7f65b9a9d3820525766fcba285b3c678e889fe3

commit 7f65b9a9d3820525766fcba285b3c678e889fe3b
Author: souparno <souparno.majumder@gmail.com>
Date:   Mon Jul 25 13:17:07 2016 +0530

CSS changed to maintain the aspect ratio of the channel logos and to fit them properly.

commit c3a61f17e14e2b80cf64b172a45f1b4826ee291f
Author: souparno <souparno.majumder@gmail.com>
Date:   Mon Jul 25 11:28:09 2016 +0530

The ratio of the height to width of the channel images are maintained.

在此之后

git difftool 7f65b9a9d3820525766fcba285b3c678e889fe3b c3a61f17e14e2b80cf64b172a45f1b4826ee291f

我在windows 10上运行的是Git 2.6.1.windows.1版本，所以我需要对Nevik的答案稍作修改（用波浪号代替插入符号）：

git diff COMMIT~ COMMIT

另一个选项是引用插入符号：

git diff "COMMIT^" COMMIT