您可以使用ANSI转义序列来实现这一点。实际上，我已经在Java中为任何想要简单解决这个问题的人组合了这个类。它允许的不仅仅是颜色代码。

https://gist.github.com/nathan-fiscaletti/9dc252d30b51df7d710a

特性

完整的源代码文档 4位颜色支持(16种颜色) 8位颜色支持(255种颜色) 24位颜色支持(1670万种颜色) 支持十六进制和8位RGB值 支持通用格式 隐藏文本，反转颜色，闪烁，下划线，删除，暗淡，粗体，斜体 能够从包含ANSI转义序列的字符串中剥离ANSI。

示例使用

System.out.println(

   new AnsiStringBuilder()
       // All formatting functions support at least three different
       // overloads, each intended for a different use case.

       // Use case 1: Manual Reset
       .italic()
       .append("This is italicized and reset manually.")
       // You can optionaly supply an additional append string
       // to any of the reset functions that will be appended
       // after the formating reset has been applied.
       .resetItalic(System.lineSeparator())

       // Use case 2: Automatic Reset
       .dim("This is dimmed and reset automatically.")
       .append(System.lineSeparator())

       // Use case 3: Function Consumer
       .underline(
           sb -> {
               // The string builder passed to this function consumer
               // will automatically wrap all content appended to it
               // with the underline formatting.
               sb.color24(
                   "#00ff00",
                   "This is both underlined and green"
               );
           }
       )
       .append(System.lineSeparator())

);

如果您的终端支持它，您可以使用ANSI转义码在输出中使用颜色。它通常适用于Unix shell提示符;然而，它并不适用于Windows命令提示符(尽管，它适用于Cygwin)。例如，你可以为颜色定义这样的常量:

public static final String ANSI_RESET = "\u001B[0m";
public static final String ANSI_BLACK = "\u001B[30m";
public static final String ANSI_RED = "\u001B[31m";
public static final String ANSI_GREEN = "\u001B[32m";
public static final String ANSI_YELLOW = "\u001B[33m";
public static final String ANSI_BLUE = "\u001B[34m";
public static final String ANSI_PURPLE = "\u001B[35m";
public static final String ANSI_CYAN = "\u001B[36m";
public static final String ANSI_WHITE = "\u001B[37m";

然后，您可以在必要时引用它们。

例如，使用上述常量，你可以在受支持的终端上输出如下红色文本:

System.out.println(ANSI_RED + "This text is red!" + ANSI_RESET);

更新:您可能想要查看Jansi库。它提供了一个API，并支持使用JNI的Windows。我还没试过;然而，它看起来很有希望。

更新2:同样，如果你想改变文本的背景颜色为不同的颜色，你也可以尝试以下方法:

public static final String ANSI_BLACK_BACKGROUND = "\u001B[40m";
public static final String ANSI_RED_BACKGROUND = "\u001B[41m";
public static final String ANSI_GREEN_BACKGROUND = "\u001B[42m";
public static final String ANSI_YELLOW_BACKGROUND = "\u001B[43m";
public static final String ANSI_BLUE_BACKGROUND = "\u001B[44m";
public static final String ANSI_PURPLE_BACKGROUND = "\u001B[45m";
public static final String ANSI_CYAN_BACKGROUND = "\u001B[46m";
public static final String ANSI_WHITE_BACKGROUND = "\u001B[47m";

例如:

System.out.println(ANSI_GREEN_BACKGROUND + "This text has a green background but default text!" + ANSI_RESET);
System.out.println(ANSI_RED + "This text has red text but a default background!" + ANSI_RESET);
System.out.println(ANSI_GREEN_BACKGROUND + ANSI_RED + "This text has a green background and red text!" + ANSI_RESET);

使用颜色功能打印带有颜色的文本

代码:

enum Color {

    RED("\033[0;31m"),      // RED
    GREEN("\033[0;32m"),    // GREEN
    YELLOW("\033[0;33m"),   // YELLOW
    BLUE("\033[0;34m"),     // BLUE
    MAGENTA("\033[0;35m"),  // MAGENTA
    CYAN("\033[0;36m"),     // CYAN

    private final String code

    Color(String code) {
        this.code = code;
    }

    @Override
    String toString() {
        return code
    }
}

def color = { color, txt ->
    def RESET_COLOR = "\033[0m"
    return "${color}${txt}${RESET_COLOR}"
}

用法:

test {
    println color(Color.CYAN, 'testing')
}

失败:

public static final String ANSI_STRIKEOUT_BLACK = "\u001B[30;9m";
public static final String ANSI_STRIKEOUT_RED = "\u001B[31;9m";
public static final String ANSI_STRIKEOUT_GREEN = "\u001B[32;9m";
public static final String ANSI_STRIKEOUT_YELLOW = "\u001B[33;9m";
public static final String ANSI_STRIKEOUT_BLUE = "\u001B[34;9m";
public static final String ANSI_STRIKEOUT_PURPLE = "\u001B[35;9m";
public static final String ANSI_STRIKEOUT_CYAN = "\u001B[36;9m";
public static final String ANSI_STRIKEOUT_WHITE = "\u001B[37;9m";

您可以使用JAnsi依赖项在Linux和Windows中更改颜色。 它以正确的方式打印UTF-8字符。 https://github.com/fusesource/jansi

如果你使用Kotlin(它与Java无缝工作)，你可以创建这样一个枚举:

enum class AnsiColor(private val colorNumber: Byte) {
    BLACK(0), RED(1), GREEN(2), YELLOW(3), BLUE(4), MAGENTA(5), CYAN(6), WHITE(7);

    companion object {
        private const val prefix = "\u001B"
        const val RESET = "$prefix[0m"
        private val isCompatible = "win" !in System.getProperty("os.name").toLowerCase()
    }

    val regular get() = if (isCompatible) "$prefix[0;3${colorNumber}m" else ""
    val bold get() = if (isCompatible) "$prefix[1;3${colorNumber}m" else ""
    val underline get() = if (isCompatible) "$prefix[4;3${colorNumber}m" else ""
    val background get() = if (isCompatible) "$prefix[4${colorNumber}m" else ""
    val highIntensity get() = if (isCompatible) "$prefix[0;9${colorNumber}m" else ""
    val boldHighIntensity get() = if (isCompatible) "$prefix[1;9${colorNumber}m" else ""
    val backgroundHighIntensity get() = if (isCompatible) "$prefix[0;10${colorNumber}m" else ""
}

然后像这样使用is:(下面的代码展示了所有颜色的不同样式)

val sampleText = "This is a sample text"
enumValues<AnsiColor>().forEach { ansiColor ->
    println("${ansiColor.regular}$sampleText${AnsiColor.RESET}")
    println("${ansiColor.bold}$sampleText${AnsiColor.RESET}")
    println("${ansiColor.underline}$sampleText${AnsiColor.RESET}")
    println("${ansiColor.background}$sampleText${AnsiColor.RESET}")
    println("${ansiColor.highIntensity}$sampleText${AnsiColor.RESET}")
    println("${ansiColor.boldHighIntensity}$sampleText${AnsiColor.RESET}")
    println("${ansiColor.backgroundHighIntensity}$sampleText${AnsiColor.RESET}")
}

如果运行在不支持这些ANSI代码的Windows上，isCompatible检查通过将代码替换为空字符串来避免问题。