我在格式化日期时间时遇到了麻烦。timedelta对象。
这就是我想做的: 我有一个对象列表，对象类的成员之一是显示事件持续时间的timedelta对象。我想以小时:分钟的格式显示这个持续时间。
我尝试了各种方法来做这件事，但我有困难。我目前的方法是为返回小时和分钟的对象在类中添加方法。我可以通过除以time得到小时数。秒乘以3600，四舍五入。我在得到剩余的秒并将其转换为分钟时遇到了麻烦。
顺便说一下，我使用谷歌AppEngine和Django模板来表示。
当前回答
下面是一个stringify timedelta.total_seconds()的函数。它在python2和python3中工作。
def strf_interval(seconds):
days, remainder = divmod(seconds, 86400)
hours, remainder = divmod(remainder, 3600)
minutes, seconds = divmod(remainder, 60)
return '{} {} {} {}'.format(
"" if int(days) == 0 else str(int(days)) + ' days',
"" if int(hours) == 0 else str(int(hours)) + ' hours',
"" if int(minutes) == 0 else str(int(minutes)) + ' mins',
"" if int(seconds) == 0 else str(int(seconds)) + ' secs'
)
示例输出:
>>> print(strf_interval(1))
1 secs
>>> print(strf_interval(100))
1 mins 40 secs
>>> print(strf_interval(1000))
16 mins 40 secs
>>> print(strf_interval(10000))
2 hours 46 mins 40 secs
>>> print(strf_interval(100000))
1 days 3 hours 46 mins 40 secs
其他回答
针对这个问题的一个直接的模板过滤器。内置函数int()从不四舍五入。f - string(即f'')需要python 3.6。
@app_template_filter()
def diffTime(end, start):
diff = (end - start).total_seconds()
d = int(diff / 86400)
h = int((diff - (d * 86400)) / 3600)
m = int((diff - (d * 86400 + h * 3600)) / 60)
s = int((diff - (d * 86400 + h * 3600 + m *60)))
if d > 0:
fdiff = f'{d}d {h}h {m}m {s}s'
elif h > 0:
fdiff = f'{h}h {m}m {s}s'
elif m > 0:
fdiff = f'{m}m {s}s'
else:
fdiff = f'{s}s'
return fdiff
您可以使用str()将timedelta转换为字符串。这里有一个例子:
import datetime
start = datetime.datetime(2009,2,10,14,00)
end = datetime.datetime(2009,2,10,16,00)
delta = end-start
print(str(delta))
# prints 2:00:00
def seconds_to_time_left_string(total_seconds):
s = int(total_seconds)
years = s // 31104000
if years > 1:
return '%d years' % years
s = s - (years * 31104000)
months = s // 2592000
if years == 1:
r = 'one year'
if months > 0:
r += ' and %d months' % months
return r
if months > 1:
return '%d months' % months
s = s - (months * 2592000)
days = s // 86400
if months == 1:
r = 'one month'
if days > 0:
r += ' and %d days' % days
return r
if days > 1:
return '%d days' % days
s = s - (days * 86400)
hours = s // 3600
if days == 1:
r = 'one day'
if hours > 0:
r += ' and %d hours' % hours
return r
s = s - (hours * 3600)
minutes = s // 60
seconds = s - (minutes * 60)
if hours >= 6:
return '%d hours' % hours
if hours >= 1:
r = '%d hours' % hours
if hours == 1:
r = 'one hour'
if minutes > 0:
r += ' and %d minutes' % minutes
return r
if minutes == 1:
r = 'one minute'
if seconds > 0:
r += ' and %d seconds' % seconds
return r
if minutes == 0:
return '%d seconds' % seconds
if seconds == 0:
return '%d minutes' % minutes
return '%d minutes and %d seconds' % (minutes, seconds)
for i in range(10):
print pow(8, i), seconds_to_time_left_string(pow(8, i))
Output:
1 1 seconds
8 8 seconds
64 one minute and 4 seconds
512 8 minutes and 32 seconds
4096 one hour and 8 minutes
32768 9 hours
262144 3 days
2097152 24 days
16777216 6 months
134217728 4 years
按照上面Joe的示例值，我将使用模算术运算符，因此:
td = datetime.timedelta(hours=10.56)
td_str = "%d:%d" % (td.seconds/3600, td.seconds%3600/60)
注意，Python中的整数除法默认是四舍五入;如果想要更显式，可以适当使用math.floor()或math.ceil()。
我在工作中遇到过类似的加班计算输出问题。该值应该始终以HH:MM显示，即使它大于一天并且该值可能为负值。我结合了一些展示的解决方案，也许其他人会发现这个解决方案很有用。我意识到，如果timedelta值为负，大多数divmod方法所显示的解决方案都不能开箱即用:
def td2HHMMstr(td):
'''Convert timedelta objects to a HH:MM string with (+/-) sign'''
if td < datetime.timedelta(seconds=0):
sign='-'
td = -td
else:
sign = ''
tdhours, rem = divmod(td.total_seconds(), 3600)
tdminutes, rem = divmod(rem, 60)
tdstr = '{}{:}:{:02d}'.format(sign, int(tdhours), int(tdminutes))
return tdstr
timedelta to HH:MM
td2HHMMstr(datetime.timedelta(hours=1, minutes=45))
'1:54'
td2HHMMstr(datetime.timedelta(days=2, hours=3, minutes=2))
'51:02'
td2HHMMstr(datetime.timedelta(hours=-3, minutes=-2))
'-3:02'
td2HHMMstr(datetime.timedelta(days=-35, hours=-3, minutes=-2))
'-843:02'
