在Windows上，如果您选择在Python 3设置期间安装pip模块，则可以通过Python启动器py.exe使用给定的Python版本执行pip模块。

py -3 -m pip install packagename
py -2 -m pip install packagename

你可以更具体地请求Python的精确子版本:

py -3.6 -m pip install packagename

要获得通过启动程序可用的所有已安装Python版本的列表，请运行:

py --list

或者，您可以直接启动所需的Python可执行文件:

C:/path/to/specific/python.exe -m pip install packagename

其他答案展示了如何将pip与两者一起使用。X和3。X Python，但没有说明如何处理多个Python发行版的情况(例如。原始Python和Anaconda Python)。

我总共有3个Python版本:原始Python 2.7和Python 3.5和Anaconda Python 3.5。

下面是我如何安装一个包到:

原始Python 3.5: /usr/bin/python3 -m PIP安装python-daemon 原始Python 2.7: /usr/bin/python -m PIP安装python-daemon 蟒蛇3.5: Python3 -m PIP安装python-daemon 或 Pip3安装python-daemon 更简单，因为Anaconda在用户环境中覆盖原始的Python二进制文件。 当然，安装在anaconda应该用conda命令来完成，这只是一个例子。

另外，确保为特定的python安装了pip。您可能需要手动安装pip。这适用于Ubuntu 16.04:

sudo apt-get install python-pip 

or

sudo apt-get install python3-pip

网址:https://docs.python.org/3/installing/

下面是如何为同时安装的linux, mac, posix的不同版本安装包:

python2   -m pip install SomePackage  # default Python 2
python2.7 -m pip install SomePackage  # specifically Python 2.7
python3   -m pip install SomePackage  # default Python 3
python3.4 -m pip install SomePackage  # specifically Python 3.4
python3.5 -m pip install SomePackage  # specifically Python 3.5
python3.6 -m pip install SomePackage  # specifically Python 3.6

在Windows上，将py Python启动器与-m开关结合使用:

py -2   -m pip install SomePackage  # default Python 2
py -2.7 -m pip install SomePackage  # specifically Python 2.7
py -3   -m pip install SomePackage  # default Python 3
py -3.4 -m pip install SomePackage  # specifically Python 3.4

简单而近期

在windows上

1-假设您的系统中安装了不同版本的Python。使用以下命令进行检查:

> py --list
 -3.10-64 *
 -3.7-64

2-设置您首选的默认版本:

通过设置PY_PYTHON环境变量(例如PY_PYTHON=3.7)。 通过设置py.ini文件通常位于C:\Users\<您的用户名>\AppData\Local如果没有创建一个。例如，设置PY_PYTHON=3和PY_PYTHON3=3.7环境变量等价于INI文件包含:

[defaults]
python=3
python3=3.7

3-检查再次输入py——list:

> py --list
 -3.10-64 
 -3.7-64 *

4-如果你想用特定版本的python和pip运行虚拟环境，请参阅这篇文章。

Linux (Ubuntu)

在Linux上管理不同的python版本的一个简单方法是update-alternatives命令。这个命令使我们能够轻松地在同一软件的多个版本之间切换。

command format:update-alternatives --install link name path priority, the name is the generic name for the master link, the link is the name of its symlink, the path is the alternative being introduced for the master link, and priority is the priority of the alternatives group. Usage: Suppose you installed two versions of python (python3.10 , python3.7). Now by running this command you will link the command name (python3) to different versions of python and assign a priority number. A higher priority number means a higher priority.

$ update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python3 python3 /usr/bin/python3.7 1
$ update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python3 python3 /usr/bin/python3.10 2

使用此命令列出已安装的python版本:

$ update-alternatives --list python3
/usr/bin/python3.7
/usr/bin/python3.10

版本切换:执行以下命令后，只需手动选择所需python版本的优先级编号。

$ update-alternatives --config python3

There are 2 choices for the alternative python3 (providing /usr/bin/python3).

  Selection    Path                      Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
  0            /usr/bin/python3.10   2         auto mode
* 1            /usr/bin/python3.7   1         manual mode
  2            /usr/bin/python3.10   2         manual mode

Press <enter> to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number: 2

这可能是完全错误的做法(我是python新手)，但我只是进入并编辑pip文件

#!/usr/bin/env python3 <-- I changed this line.

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys

from pip._internal import main

if __name__ == '__main__':
    sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw?|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
    sys.exit(main())

显然，easy_install和pip有多个版本。看起来很乱。不管怎样，这是我在Ubuntu 12.10上安装Django for Python 2.7的方法:

$ sudo easy_install-2.7 pip
Searching for pip
Best match: pip 1.1
Adding pip 1.1 to easy-install.pth file
Installing pip-2.7 script to /usr/local/bin

Using /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
Processing dependencies for pip
Finished processing dependencies for pip

$ sudo pip-2.7 install django
Downloading/unpacking django
  Downloading Django-1.5.1.tar.gz (8.0Mb): 8.0Mb downloaded
  Running setup.py egg_info for package django

    warning: no previously-included files matching '__pycache__' found under directory '*'
    warning: no previously-included files matching '*.py[co]' found under directory '*'
Installing collected packages: django
  Running setup.py install for django
    changing mode of build/scripts-2.7/django-admin.py from 644 to 755

    warning: no previously-included files matching '__pycache__' found under directory '*'
    warning: no previously-included files matching '*.py[co]' found under directory '*'
    changing mode of /usr/local/bin/django-admin.py to 755
Successfully installed django
Cleaning up...

$ python
Python 2.7.3 (default, Sep 26 2012, 21:51:14) 
[GCC 4.7.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import django
>>>