受Raymond Chen帖子的启发，假设你有一个4x4二维数组，写一个函数使它旋转90度。Raymond链接到伪代码中的解决方案，但我想看到一些真实的东西。
[1][2][3][4]
[5][6][7][8]
[9][0][1][2]
[3][4][5][6]
就变成:
[3][9][5][1]
[4][0][6][2]
[5][1][7][3]
[6][2][8][4]
更新:Nick的答案是最直接的，但是有没有比n²更好的方法呢?如果矩阵是10000x10000呢?
当前回答
对于i:= 0到X 对于j:= 0到X做 [j][i]:= graphic2[X-i][j]
X是图形所在数组的大小。
其他回答
我的c#示例代码的伟大算法发送@dimple:
/* Author: Dudi,
* http://www.tutorialspoint.com/compile_csharp_online.php?PID=0Bw_CjBb95KQMYm5qU3VjVGNuZFU */
using System.IO;
using System;
class Program
{
static void Main()
{
Console.WriteLine("Rotating this matrix by 90+ degree:");
int[,] values=new int[3,3]{{1,2,3}, {4,5,6}, {7,8,9}};
//int[,] values=new int[4,4]{{101,102,103, 104}, {105,106, 107,108}, {109, 110, 111, 112}, {113, 114, 115, 116}};
print2dArray(ref values);
transpose2dArray(ref values);
//print2dArray(ref values);
reverse2dArray(ref values);
Console.WriteLine("Output:");
print2dArray(ref values);
}
static void print2dArray(ref int[,] matrix){
int nLen = matrix.GetLength(0);
int mLen = matrix.GetLength(1);
for(int n=0; n<nLen; n++){
for(int m=0; m<mLen; m++){
Console.Write(matrix[n,m] +"\t");
}
Console.WriteLine();
}
Console.WriteLine();
}
static void transpose2dArray(ref int[,] matrix){
int nLen = matrix.GetLength(0);
int mLen = matrix.GetLength(1);
for(int n=0; n<nLen; n++){
for(int m=0; m<mLen; m++){
if(n>m){
int tmp = matrix[n,m];
matrix[n,m] = matrix[m,n];
matrix[m,n] = tmp;
}
}
}
}
static void reverse2dArray(ref int[,] matrix){
int nLen = matrix.GetLength(0);
int mLen = matrix.GetLength(1);
for(int n=0; n<nLen; n++){
for(int m=0; m<mLen/2; m++){
int tmp = matrix[n,m];
matrix[n,m] = matrix[n, mLen-1-m];
matrix[n,mLen-1-m] = tmp;
}
}
}
}
/*
Rotating this matrix by 90+ degree:
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
Output:
7 4 1
8 5 2
9 6 3
*/
O(n²)时间和O(1)空间算法(没有任何变通方法和恶作剧的东西!)
旋转+90:
转置 反转每行
旋转-90:
方法一:
转置 反转每一列
方法二:
反转每行 转置
旋转180度:
方法一:旋转+90两次
方法2:反转每行，然后反转每列(转置)
旋转-180度:
方法一:旋转-90度2次
方法二:先反转每一列，再反转每一行
方法三:旋转+180，因为它们是相同的
在Java中
public class Matrix {
/* Author Shrikant Dande */
private static void showMatrix(int[][] arr,int rows,int col){
for(int i =0 ;i<rows;i++){
for(int j =0 ;j<col;j++){
System.out.print(arr[i][j]+" ");
}
System.out.println();
}
}
private static void rotateMatrix(int[][] arr,int rows,int col){
int[][] tempArr = new int[4][4];
for(int i =0 ;i<rows;i++){
for(int j =0 ;j<col;j++){
tempArr[i][j] = arr[rows-1-j][i];
System.out.print(tempArr[i][j]+" ");
}
System.out.println();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[][] arr = { {1, 2, 3, 4},
{5, 6, 7, 8},
{9, 1, 2, 5},
{7, 4, 8, 9}};
int rows = 4,col = 4;
showMatrix(arr, rows, col);
System.out.println("------------------------------------------------");
rotateMatrix(arr, rows, col);
}
}
在原地顺时针90度旋转使用矢量矢量..
#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
//Rotate a Matrix by 90 degrees
void rotateMatrix(vector<vector<int> > &matrix){
int n=matrix.size();
for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
for(int j=i+1;j<n;j++){
swap(matrix[i][j],matrix[j][i]);
}
}
for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
reverse(matrix[i].begin(),matrix[i].end());
}
}
int main(){
int n;
cout<<"enter the size of the matrix:"<<endl;
while (cin >> n) {
vector< vector<int> > m;
cout<<"enter the elements"<<endl;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
m.push_back(vector<int>(n));
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
scanf("%d", &m[i][j]);
}
cout<<"the rotated matrix is:"<<endl;
rotateMatrix(m);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
cout << m[i][j] << ' ';
cout << endl;
}
}
return 0;
}
这是c#的
int[,] array = new int[4,4] {
{ 1,2,3,4 },
{ 5,6,7,8 },
{ 9,0,1,2 },
{ 3,4,5,6 }
};
int[,] rotated = RotateMatrix(array, 4);
static int[,] RotateMatrix(int[,] matrix, int n) {
int[,] ret = new int[n, n];
for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j) {
ret[i, j] = matrix[n - j - 1, i];
}
}
return ret;
}
