如何按日期属性排序对象数组?

假设我有一个包含几个对象的数组:

var array = [{id: 1, date: Mar 12 2012 10:00:00 AM}, {id: 2, date: Mar 8 2012 08:00:00 AM}];

如何按日期元素排序这个数组，从最接近当前日期和时间的日期下来?请记住，数组可能有许多对象，但为了简单起见，我使用2。

我会使用排序函数和自定义比较器吗?

当前回答

我推荐GitHub: Array sortBy - sortBy方法的最佳实现，它使用施瓦茨变换

但是现在我们将尝试这种方法。让我们创建一个方法来排序数组，它能够按某些属性排列对象。

创建排序函数

var sortBy = (function () {
  var toString = Object.prototype.toString,
      // default parser function
      parse = function (x) { return x; },
      // gets the item to be sorted
      getItem = function (x) {
        var isObject = x != null && typeof x === "object";
        var isProp = isObject && this.prop in x;
        return this.parser(isProp ? x[this.prop] : x);
      };
      
  /**
   * Sorts an array of elements.
   *
   * @param {Array} array: the collection to sort
   * @param {Object} cfg: the configuration options
   * @property {String}   cfg.prop: property name (if it is an Array of objects)
   * @property {Boolean}  cfg.desc: determines whether the sort is descending
   * @property {Function} cfg.parser: function to parse the items to expected type
   * @return {Array}
   */
  return function sortby (array, cfg) {
    if (!(array instanceof Array && array.length)) return [];
    if (toString.call(cfg) !== "[object Object]") cfg = {};
    if (typeof cfg.parser !== "function") cfg.parser = parse;
    cfg.desc = !!cfg.desc ? -1 : 1;
    return array.sort(function (a, b) {
      a = getItem.call(cfg, a);
      b = getItem.call(cfg, b);
      return cfg.desc * (a < b ? -1 : +(a > b));
    });
  };
  
}());

设置无序数据

var data = [
  {date: "2011-11-14T17:25:45Z", quantity: 2, total: 200, tip: 0,   type: "cash"},
  {date: "2011-11-14T16:28:54Z", quantity: 1, total: 300, tip: 200, type: "visa"},
  {date: "2011-11-14T16:30:43Z", quantity: 2, total: 90,  tip: 0,   type: "tab"},
  {date: "2011-11-14T17:22:59Z", quantity: 2, total: 90,  tip: 0,   type: "tab"},
  {date: "2011-11-14T16:53:41Z", quantity: 2, total: 90,  tip: 0,   type: "tab"},
  {date: "2011-11-14T16:48:46Z", quantity: 2, total: 90,  tip: 0,   type: "tab"},
  {date: "2011-11-31T17:29:52Z", quantity: 1, total: 200, tip: 100, type: "visa"},
  {date: "2011-11-01T16:17:54Z", quantity: 2, total: 190, tip: 100, type: "tab"},
  {date: "2011-11-14T16:58:03Z", quantity: 2, total: 90,  tip: 0,   type: "tab"},
  {date: "2011-11-14T16:20:19Z", quantity: 2, total: 190, tip: 100, type: "tab"},
  {date: "2011-11-14T17:07:21Z", quantity: 2, total: 90,  tip: 0,   type: "tab"},
  {date: "2011-11-14T16:54:06Z", quantity: 1, total: 100, tip: 0,   type: "cash"}
];

使用它

最后，通过“date”属性将数组排列为字符串

//sort the object by a property (ascending)
//sorting takes into account uppercase and lowercase
sortBy(data, { prop: "date" });

如果你想忽略字母大小写，设置"parser"回调:

//sort the object by a property (descending)
//sorting ignores uppercase and lowercase
sortBy(data, {
    prop: "date",
    desc: true,
    parser: function (item) {
        //ignore case sensitive
        return item.toUpperCase();
    }
});

如果你想把"date"字段作为date类型:

//sort the object by a property (ascending)
//sorting parses each item to Date type
sortBy(data, {
    prop: "date",
    parser: function (item) {
        return new Date(item);
    }
});

在这里你可以玩上面的例子: jsbin.com/lesebi

2014-11-05 14:03:21

其他回答

我能够实现排序使用以下行:

array.sort(function(a, b)
{
   if (a.DueDate > b.DueDate) return 1;
   if (a.DueDate < b.DueDate) return -1;
})

2015-06-17 15:32:20

我推荐GitHub: Array sortBy - sortBy方法的最佳实现，它使用施瓦茨变换

但是现在我们将尝试这种方法。让我们创建一个方法来排序数组，它能够按某些属性排列对象。

创建排序函数

var sortBy = (function () {
  var toString = Object.prototype.toString,
      // default parser function
      parse = function (x) { return x; },
      // gets the item to be sorted
      getItem = function (x) {
        var isObject = x != null && typeof x === "object";
        var isProp = isObject && this.prop in x;
        return this.parser(isProp ? x[this.prop] : x);
      };
      
  /**
   * Sorts an array of elements.
   *
   * @param {Array} array: the collection to sort
   * @param {Object} cfg: the configuration options
   * @property {String}   cfg.prop: property name (if it is an Array of objects)
   * @property {Boolean}  cfg.desc: determines whether the sort is descending
   * @property {Function} cfg.parser: function to parse the items to expected type
   * @return {Array}
   */
  return function sortby (array, cfg) {
    if (!(array instanceof Array && array.length)) return [];
    if (toString.call(cfg) !== "[object Object]") cfg = {};
    if (typeof cfg.parser !== "function") cfg.parser = parse;
    cfg.desc = !!cfg.desc ? -1 : 1;
    return array.sort(function (a, b) {
      a = getItem.call(cfg, a);
      b = getItem.call(cfg, b);
      return cfg.desc * (a < b ? -1 : +(a > b));
    });
  };
  
}());

设置无序数据

var data = [
  {date: "2011-11-14T17:25:45Z", quantity: 2, total: 200, tip: 0,   type: "cash"},
  {date: "2011-11-14T16:28:54Z", quantity: 1, total: 300, tip: 200, type: "visa"},
  {date: "2011-11-14T16:30:43Z", quantity: 2, total: 90,  tip: 0,   type: "tab"},
  {date: "2011-11-14T17:22:59Z", quantity: 2, total: 90,  tip: 0,   type: "tab"},
  {date: "2011-11-14T16:53:41Z", quantity: 2, total: 90,  tip: 0,   type: "tab"},
  {date: "2011-11-14T16:48:46Z", quantity: 2, total: 90,  tip: 0,   type: "tab"},
  {date: "2011-11-31T17:29:52Z", quantity: 1, total: 200, tip: 100, type: "visa"},
  {date: "2011-11-01T16:17:54Z", quantity: 2, total: 190, tip: 100, type: "tab"},
  {date: "2011-11-14T16:58:03Z", quantity: 2, total: 90,  tip: 0,   type: "tab"},
  {date: "2011-11-14T16:20:19Z", quantity: 2, total: 190, tip: 100, type: "tab"},
  {date: "2011-11-14T17:07:21Z", quantity: 2, total: 90,  tip: 0,   type: "tab"},
  {date: "2011-11-14T16:54:06Z", quantity: 1, total: 100, tip: 0,   type: "cash"}
];

使用它

最后，通过“date”属性将数组排列为字符串

//sort the object by a property (ascending)
//sorting takes into account uppercase and lowercase
sortBy(data, { prop: "date" });

如果你想忽略字母大小写，设置"parser"回调:

//sort the object by a property (descending)
//sorting ignores uppercase and lowercase
sortBy(data, {
    prop: "date",
    desc: true,
    parser: function (item) {
        //ignore case sensitive
        return item.toUpperCase();
    }
});

如果你想把"date"字段作为date类型:

//sort the object by a property (ascending)
//sorting parses each item to Date type
sortBy(data, {
    prop: "date",
    parser: function (item) {
        return new Date(item);
    }
});

在这里你可以玩上面的例子: jsbin.com/lesebi

2014-11-05 14:03:21

这是解决你的问题的最短方法。

  var array = [{id: 1, date: 'Mar 12 2012 10:00:00 AM'}, {id: 2, date: 'Mar 8 2012 08:00:00 AM'}];

  var sortedArray = array.sort((a,b) => Date.parse(new Date(a.date)) - Date.parse(new Date(b.date)));

2022-05-04 19:44:44

我只是把上面描述的施瓦兹变换作为一个函数。它接受一个数组，排序函数和一个布尔值作为输入:

function schwartzianSort(array,f,asc){
    for (var i=array.length;i;){
      var o = array[--i];
      array[i] = [].concat(f.call(o,o,i),o);
    }
    array.sort(function(a,b){
      for (var i=0,len=a.length;i<len;++i){
        if (a[i]!=b[i]) return a[i]<b[i]?asc?-1:1:1;
      }
      return 0;
    });
    for (var i=array.length;i;){
      array[--i]=array[i][array[i].length-1];
    }
    return array;
  }

2017-05-10 16:36:54

简单的回答

array.sort(function(a,b){
  // Turn your strings into dates, and then subtract them
  // to get a value that is either negative, positive, or zero.
  return new Date(b.date) - new Date(a.date);
});

更一般的答案

array.sort(function(o1,o2){
  if (sort_o1_before_o2)    return -1;
  else if(sort_o1_after_o2) return  1;
  else                      return  0;
});

或者更简洁地说:

array.sort(function(o1,o2){
  return sort_o1_before_o2 ? -1 : sort_o1_after_o2 ? 1 : 0;
});

通用的，有力的答案

在所有数组上使用Schwartzian变换定义一个自定义的不可枚举sortBy函数:

(function(){
  if (typeof Object.defineProperty === 'function'){
    try{Object.defineProperty(Array.prototype,'sortBy',{value:sb}); }catch(e){}
  }
  if (!Array.prototype.sortBy) Array.prototype.sortBy = sb;

  function sb(f){
    for (var i=this.length;i;){
      var o = this[--i];
      this[i] = [].concat(f.call(o,o,i),o);
    }
    this.sort(function(a,b){
      for (var i=0,len=a.length;i<len;++i){
        if (a[i]!=b[i]) return a[i]<b[i]?-1:1;
      }
      return 0;
    });
    for (var i=this.length;i;){
      this[--i]=this[i][this[i].length-1];
    }
    return this;
  }
})();

像这样使用它:

array.sortBy(function(o){ return o.date });

如果你的日期没有直接的可比性，那就找一个可比较的日期。

array.sortBy(function(o){ return new Date( o.date ) });

如果你返回一个数组的值，你也可以使用这个来按多个标准排序:

// Sort by date, then score (reversed), then name
array.sortBy(function(o){ return [ o.date, -o.score, o.name ] };

详情见http://phrogz.net/JS/Array.prototype.sortBy.js。

2012-04-12 12:58:32

如何按日期属性排序对象数组?

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