我怎样才能得到字符串的第n个字符?我尝试了括号([])访问器,没有运气。

var string = "Hello, world!"

var firstChar = string[0] // Throws error

错误:'下标'是不可用的:不能下标String与Int,请参阅文档注释讨论


当前回答

Swift 2.2解决方案:

下面的扩展在Xcode 7中工作,这是这个解决方案和Swift 2.0语法转换的组合。

extension String {
    subscript(integerIndex: Int) -> Character {
        let index = startIndex.advancedBy(integerIndex)
        return self[index]
    }

    subscript(integerRange: Range<Int>) -> String {
        let start = startIndex.advancedBy(integerRange.startIndex)
        let end = startIndex.advancedBy(integerRange.endIndex)
        let range = start..<end
        return self[range]
    }
}

其他回答

看第一个字母:

first(str) // retrieve first letter

更多: http://sketchytech.blogspot.com/2014/08/swift-pure-swift-method-for-returning.html

swift字符串类不提供在特定索引处获取字符的能力,因为它本身支持UTF字符。UTF字符在内存中的可变长度使得直接跳转到字符是不可能的。这意味着每次都必须手动遍历字符串。

您可以扩展String以提供一个方法,该方法将遍历字符,直到您需要的索引

extension String {
    func characterAtIndex(index: Int) -> Character? {
        var cur = 0
        for char in self {
            if cur == index {
                return char
            }
            cur++
        }
        return nil
    }
}

myString.characterAtIndex(0)!

在Swift 5中,不扩展字符串:

var str = "ABCDEFGH"
for char in str {
if(char == "C") { }
}

以上Swift代码与Java代码相同:

int n = 8;
var str = "ABCDEFGH"
for (int i=0; i<n; i++) {
if (str.charAt(i) == 'C') { }
}

Swift的String类型没有提供characterAtIndex方法,因为Unicode字符串有几种编码方式。你要用UTF8, UTF16,还是别的?

您可以通过检索String来访问CodeUnit集合。utf8和String。utf16属性。您还可以通过检索String来访问UnicodeScalar集合。unicodeScalars财产。

在NSString实现的精神中,我返回一个unichar类型。

extension String
{
    func characterAtIndex(index:Int) -> unichar
    {
        return self.utf16[index]
    }

    // Allows us to use String[index] notation
    subscript(index:Int) -> unichar
    {
        return characterAtIndex(index)
    }
}

let text = "Hello Swift!"
let firstChar = text[0]

如果你看到不能下标一个类型为'String'的值…使用这个扩展:

斯威夫特3

extension String {
    subscript (i: Int) -> Character {
        return self[self.characters.index(self.startIndex, offsetBy: i)]
    }

    subscript (i: Int) -> String {
        return String(self[i] as Character)
    }

    subscript (r: Range<Int>) -> String {
        let start = index(startIndex, offsetBy: r.lowerBound)
        let end = index(startIndex, offsetBy: r.upperBound)
        return self[start..<end]
    }

    subscript (r: ClosedRange<Int>) -> String {
        let start = index(startIndex, offsetBy: r.lowerBound)
        let end = index(startIndex, offsetBy: r.upperBound)
        return self[start...end]
    }
}

斯威夫特2.3

extension String {
    subscript(integerIndex: Int) -> Character {
        let index = advance(startIndex, integerIndex)
        return self[index]
    }

    subscript(integerRange: Range<Int>) -> String {
        let start = advance(startIndex, integerRange.startIndex)
        let end = advance(startIndex, integerRange.endIndex)
        let range = start..<end
        return self[range]
    }
}

来源:http://oleb.net/blog/2014/07/swift-strings/