我正在阅读有关AsyncTask的文章，并尝试了下面的简单程序。但这似乎并不奏效。我该怎么做呢?
public class AsyncTaskActivity extends Activity {
Button btn;
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
btn.setOnClickListener((OnClickListener) this);
}
public void onClick(View view){
new LongOperation().execute("");
}
private class LongOperation extends AsyncTask<String, Void, String> {
@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
for(int i=0;i<5;i++) {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
TextView txt = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.output);
txt.setText("Executed");
return null;
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
}
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
}
@Override
protected void onProgressUpdate(Void... values) {
}
}
}
我只是试图在后台进程中5秒后更改标签。
这是我的main.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<ProgressBar
android:id="@+id/progressBar"
style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:indeterminate="false"
android:max="10"
android:padding="10dip">
</ProgressBar>
<Button
android:id="@+id/button1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Start Progress" >
</Button>
<TextView android:id="@+id/output"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Replace"/>
</LinearLayout>
异步任务POST请求示例:
List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("key1", "value1"));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("key1", "value2"));
new WEBSERVICEREQUESTOR(URL, params).execute();
class WEBSERVICEREQUESTOR extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, String>
{
String URL;
List<NameValuePair> parameters;
private ProgressDialog pDialog;
public WEBSERVICEREQUESTOR(String url, List<NameValuePair> params)
{
this.URL = url;
this.parameters = params;
}
@Override
protected void onPreExecute()
{
pDialog = new ProgressDialog(LoginActivity.this);
pDialog.setMessage("Processing Request...");
pDialog.setIndeterminate(false);
pDialog.setCancelable(false);
pDialog.show();
super.onPreExecute();
}
@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... params)
{
try
{
DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpEntity httpEntity = null;
HttpResponse httpResponse = null;
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(URL);
if (parameters != null)
{
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(parameters));
}
httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
return EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity);
} catch (Exception e)
{
}
return "";
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String result)
{
pDialog.dismiss();
try
{
}
catch (Exception e)
{
}
super.onPostExecute(result);
}
}
当一个异步任务执行时，该任务经过四个步骤:
onPreExecute ()
doInBackground (Params…)
onProgressUpdate(进步…)
onPostExecute(结果)
下面是一个演示示例:
private class DownloadFilesTask extends AsyncTask<URL, Integer, Long> {
protected Long doInBackground(URL... urls) {
int count = urls.length;
long totalSize = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
totalSize += Downloader.downloadFile(urls[i]);
publishProgress((int) ((i / (float) count) * 100));
// Escape early if cancel() is called
if (isCancelled())
break;
}
return totalSize;
}
protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... progress) {
setProgressPercent(progress[0]);
}
protected void onPostExecute(Long result) {
showDialog("Downloaded " + result + " bytes");
}
}
一旦你创建了一个任务，执行起来非常简单:
new DownloadFilesTask().execute(url1, url2, url3);
这里的概念和代码
我已经创建了一个简单的例子使用AsyncTask的Android。它从onPreExecute()， doInBackground()， publishProgress()开始，最后是onProgressUpdate()。
在这种情况下，doInBackground()作为后台线程工作，而其他线程在UI线程中工作。你不能访问doInBackground()中的UI元素。顺序和我之前提到的一样。
然而，如果你需要从doInBackground更新任何小部件，你可以从doInBackground发布进度，它会调用onProgressUpdate来更新你的UI小部件。
class TestAsync extends AsyncTask<Void, Integer, String> {
String TAG = getClass().getSimpleName();
protected void onPreExecute() {
super.onPreExecute();
Log.d(TAG + " PreExceute","On pre Exceute......");
}
protected String doInBackground(Void...arg0) {
Log.d(TAG + " DoINBackGround", "On doInBackground...");
for (int i=0; i<10; i++){
Integer in = new Integer(i);
publishProgress(i);
}
return "You are at PostExecute";
}
protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer...a) {
super.onProgressUpdate(a);
Log.d(TAG + " onProgressUpdate", "You are in progress update ... " + a[0]);
}
protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
super.onPostExecute(result);
Log.d(TAG + " onPostExecute", "" + result);
}
}
在你的活动中这样称呼它:
new TestAsync().execute();
开发人员参考资料
当你在工作线程中，你不能直接操作Android上的UI元素。
当你使用AsyncTask时，请理解回调方法。
例如:
public class MyAyncTask extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void>{
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
// Here you can show progress bar or something on the similar lines.
// Since you are in a UI thread here.
super.onPreExecute();
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(Void aVoid) {
super.onPostExecute(aVoid);
// After completing execution of given task, control will return here.
// Hence if you want to populate UI elements with fetched data, do it here.
}
@Override
protected void onProgressUpdate(Void... values) {
super.onProgressUpdate(values);
// You can track you progress update here
}
@Override
protected Void doInBackground(Void... params) {
// Here you are in the worker thread and you are not allowed to access UI thread from here.
// Here you can perform network operations or any heavy operations you want.
return null;
}
}
仅供参考:
要从工作线程访问UI线程，您可以在视图上使用runOnUiThread()方法或post方法。
例如:
runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
textView.setText("something.");
});
or
yourview.post(new Runnable() {
yourview.setText("something");
});
这将帮助你更好地了解事情。因此在你的情况下，你需要在onPostExecute()方法中设置你的textview。
如何记住AsyncTask中使用的参数?
不
如果你是AsyncTask的新手，那么在编写AsyncTask时很容易感到困惑。主要原因是AsyncTask中使用的参数，即AsyncTask<A, B, C>。基于方法的A, B, C(参数)签名的不同，这使得事情更加混乱。
保持简单!
关键是不要死记硬背。如果你可以想象你的任务真正需要做什么，那么在第一次尝试时用正确的签名编写AsyncTask将是小菜一碟。只要弄清楚你的输入、进度和输出是什么，你就可以开始了。
什么是AsyncTask?
AsyncTask是一个运行在后台线程的后台任务。它接受一个Input，执行Progress并给出一个Output。
例如，AsyncTask<Input, Progress, Output>。
例如:
与方法的关系是什么?
在AsyncTask和doInBackground()之间
doInBackground()和onPostExecute()，onProgressUpdate() '也是
相关的
怎么写在代码里?
DownloadTask extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, String>{
// Always same signature
@Override
public void onPreExecute()
{}
@Override
public String doInbackGround(String... parameters)
{
// Download code
int downloadPerc = // Calculate that
publish(downloadPerc);
return "Download Success";
}
@Override
public void onPostExecute(String result)
{
super.onPostExecute(result);
}
@Override
public void onProgressUpdate(Integer... parameters)
{
// Show in spinner, and access UI elements
}
}
您将如何运行此任务?
new DownLoadTask().execute("Paradise.mp3");
