你可以通过包装你的lambda来抛出一个未检查的异常，然后在终端操作中解开这个未检查的异常，从而滚动你自己的Stream变体:

@FunctionalInterface
public interface ThrowingPredicate<T, X extends Throwable> {
    public boolean test(T t) throws X;
}

@FunctionalInterface
public interface ThrowingFunction<T, R, X extends Throwable> {
    public R apply(T t) throws X;
}

@FunctionalInterface
public interface ThrowingSupplier<R, X extends Throwable> {
    public R get() throws X;
}

public interface ThrowingStream<T, X extends Throwable> {
    public ThrowingStream<T, X> filter(
            ThrowingPredicate<? super T, ? extends X> predicate);

    public <R> ThrowingStream<T, R> map(
            ThrowingFunction<? super T, ? extends R, ? extends X> mapper);

    public <A, R> R collect(Collector<? super T, A, R> collector) throws X;

    // etc
}

class StreamAdapter<T, X extends Throwable> implements ThrowingStream<T, X> {
    private static class AdapterException extends RuntimeException {
        public AdapterException(Throwable cause) {
            super(cause);
        }
    }

    private final Stream<T> delegate;
    private final Class<X> x;

    StreamAdapter(Stream<T> delegate, Class<X> x) {
        this.delegate = delegate;
        this.x = x;
    }

    private <R> R maskException(ThrowingSupplier<R, X> method) {
        try {
            return method.get();
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            if (x.isInstance(t)) {
                throw new AdapterException(t);
            } else {
                throw t;
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public ThrowingStream<T, X> filter(ThrowingPredicate<T, X> predicate) {
        return new StreamAdapter<>(
                delegate.filter(t -> maskException(() -> predicate.test(t))), x);
    }

    @Override
    public <R> ThrowingStream<R, X> map(ThrowingFunction<T, R, X> mapper) {
        return new StreamAdapter<>(
                delegate.map(t -> maskException(() -> mapper.apply(t))), x);
    }

    private <R> R unmaskException(Supplier<R> method) throws X {
        try {
            return method.get();
        } catch (AdapterException e) {
            throw x.cast(e.getCause());
        }
    }

    @Override
    public <A, R> R collect(Collector<T, A, R> collector) throws X {
        return unmaskException(() -> delegate.collect(collector));
    }
}

然后你可以像使用流一样使用它:

Stream<Account> s = accounts.values().stream();
ThrowingStream<Account, IOException> ts = new StreamAdapter<>(s, IOException.class);
return ts.filter(Account::isActive).map(Account::getNumber).collect(toSet());

这个解决方案需要相当多的样板文件，所以我建议您看一看我已经创建的库，它完全符合我在这里为整个Stream类(以及更多!)所描述的内容。

TLDR:尝试通过重构代码来避免这个问题:将“容易出错”的操作与“安全”的操作分开，只使用lambdas中的安全操作。

细节:

这并没有直接回答问题(有很多其他的答案)，但试图从一开始就避免这个问题:

根据我的经验，在Stream(或其他lambda表达式)中处理异常的需求通常来自这样一个事实，即异常被声明为从不应该抛出的方法抛出。这通常来自于将业务逻辑与输入和输出混合。你的帐户界面就是一个完美的例子:

interface Account {
    boolean isActive() throws IOException;
    String getNumber() throws IOException;
}

不要在每个getter上抛出IOException，考虑这样的设计:

interface AccountReader {
    Account readAccount(…) throws IOException;
}

interface Account {
    boolean isActive();
    String getNumber();
}

方法AccountReader.readAccount(…)可以从数据库或文件中读取帐户，如果未成功则抛出异常。它构造一个Account对象，该对象已经包含所有值，可以随时使用。由于这些值已经被readAccount(…)加载，getter不会抛出异常。因此，你可以在lambdas中自由地使用它们，而不需要包装、屏蔽或隐藏异常。

注意，您仍然需要处理readAccount(…)抛出的异常。毕竟，这就是异常存在的首要原因。但是假设readAccount(…)是在“其他地方”使用的，即在lambdas之外，在那里你可以使用Java提供的“正常”异常处理机制，即try-catch来处理它或throws来让它“冒泡”。

当然，不可能总是按照我描述的方式来做，但通常是这样的，它会导致更干净的代码(恕我直言):

Better separation of concerns and following single responsibility principle Less boilerplate: You don't have to clutter your code with throws IOException for no use but to satisfy the compiler Error handling: You handle the errors where they happen - when reading from a file or database - instead of somewhere in the middle of your business logic only because you want to get a fields value You may be able to make Account immutable and profit from the advantages thereof (e.g. thread safety) You don't need "dirty tricks" or workarounds to use Account in lambdas (e.g. in a Stream)

使用#propagate()方法。来自Sam Beran的Java 8 Blog的非guava实现示例:

public class Throwables {
    public interface ExceptionWrapper<E> {
        E wrap(Exception e);
    }

    public static <T> T propagate(Callable<T> callable) throws RuntimeException {
        return propagate(callable, RuntimeException::new);
    }

    public static <T, E extends Throwable> T propagate(Callable<T> callable, ExceptionWrapper<E> wrapper) throws E {
        try {
            return callable.call();
        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
            throw e;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw wrapper.wrap(e);
        }
    }
}

你可以通过包装你的lambda来抛出一个未检查的异常，然后在终端操作中解开这个未检查的异常，从而滚动你自己的Stream变体:

@FunctionalInterface
public interface ThrowingPredicate<T, X extends Throwable> {
    public boolean test(T t) throws X;
}

@FunctionalInterface
public interface ThrowingFunction<T, R, X extends Throwable> {
    public R apply(T t) throws X;
}

@FunctionalInterface
public interface ThrowingSupplier<R, X extends Throwable> {
    public R get() throws X;
}

public interface ThrowingStream<T, X extends Throwable> {
    public ThrowingStream<T, X> filter(
            ThrowingPredicate<? super T, ? extends X> predicate);

    public <R> ThrowingStream<T, R> map(
            ThrowingFunction<? super T, ? extends R, ? extends X> mapper);

    public <A, R> R collect(Collector<? super T, A, R> collector) throws X;

    // etc
}

class StreamAdapter<T, X extends Throwable> implements ThrowingStream<T, X> {
    private static class AdapterException extends RuntimeException {
        public AdapterException(Throwable cause) {
            super(cause);
        }
    }

    private final Stream<T> delegate;
    private final Class<X> x;

    StreamAdapter(Stream<T> delegate, Class<X> x) {
        this.delegate = delegate;
        this.x = x;
    }

    private <R> R maskException(ThrowingSupplier<R, X> method) {
        try {
            return method.get();
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            if (x.isInstance(t)) {
                throw new AdapterException(t);
            } else {
                throw t;
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public ThrowingStream<T, X> filter(ThrowingPredicate<T, X> predicate) {
        return new StreamAdapter<>(
                delegate.filter(t -> maskException(() -> predicate.test(t))), x);
    }

    @Override
    public <R> ThrowingStream<R, X> map(ThrowingFunction<T, R, X> mapper) {
        return new StreamAdapter<>(
                delegate.map(t -> maskException(() -> mapper.apply(t))), x);
    }

    private <R> R unmaskException(Supplier<R> method) throws X {
        try {
            return method.get();
        } catch (AdapterException e) {
            throw x.cast(e.getCause());
        }
    }

    @Override
    public <A, R> R collect(Collector<T, A, R> collector) throws X {
        return unmaskException(() -> delegate.collect(collector));
    }
}

然后你可以像使用流一样使用它:

Stream<Account> s = accounts.values().stream();
ThrowingStream<Account, IOException> ts = new StreamAdapter<>(s, IOException.class);
return ts.filter(Account::isActive).map(Account::getNumber).collect(toSet());

这个解决方案需要相当多的样板文件，所以我建议您看一看我已经创建的库，它完全符合我在这里为整个Stream类(以及更多!)所描述的内容。

如果你不介意使用第三方库，AOL的cyclops-react库，disclosure::我是一个贡献者，有一个ExceptionSoftener类可以在这里提供帮助。

 s.filter(softenPredicate(a->a.isActive()));

Java中的功能接口不声明任何已检查或未检查的异常。 我们需要改变方法的签名:

boolean isActive() throws IOException; 
String getNumber() throwsIOException;

To:

boolean isActive();
String getNumber();

或者用try-catch block处理它:

public Set<String> getActiveAccountNumbers() {
  Stream<Account> s =  accounts.values().stream();
  s = s.filter(a -> 
    try{
      a.isActive();
    }catch(IOException e){
      throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }
  );
  Stream<String> ss = s.map(a -> 
    try{
      a.getNumber();
    }catch(IOException e){
      throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }
  );
  return ss.collect(Collectors.toSet());
}

另一种选择是编写自定义包装器或使用像ThrowingFunction这样的库。 使用库，我们只需要将依赖项添加到pom.xml:

<dependency>
    <groupId>pl.touk</groupId>
    <artifactId>throwing-function</artifactId>
    <version>1.3</version>
</dependency>

并使用特定的类，如ThrowingFunction, ThrowingConsumer, ThrowingPredicate, ThrowingRunnable, ThrowingSupplier。

代码的最后是这样的:

public Set<String> getActiveAccountNumbers() {
  return accounts.values().stream()
    .filter(ThrowingPredicate.unchecked(Account::isActive))
    .map(ThrowingFunction.unchecked(Account::getNumber))
    .collect(Collectors.toSet());
}