这在T-SQL中有效。如果你只是计算一些东西的数量，你想包括空值，使用COALESCE而不是case。

IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#us') IS NOT NULL
    DROP TABLE #us

CREATE TABLE #us
    (
    a INT NULL
    );

INSERT INTO #us VALUES (1),(2),(3),(4),(NULL),(NULL),(NULL),(8),(9)

SELECT * FROM #us

SELECT CASE WHEN a IS NULL THEN 'NULL' ELSE 'NON-NULL' END AS 'NULL?',
        COUNT(CASE WHEN a IS NULL THEN 'NULL' ELSE 'NON-NULL' END) AS 'Count'
    FROM #us
    GROUP BY CASE WHEN a IS NULL THEN 'NULL' ELSE 'NON-NULL' END

SELECT COALESCE(CAST(a AS NVARCHAR),'NULL') AS a,
        COUNT(COALESCE(CAST(a AS NVARCHAR),'NULL')) AS 'Count'
    FROM #us
    GROUP BY COALESCE(CAST(a AS NVARCHAR),'NULL')

我通常用这个技巧

select sum(case when a is null then 0 else 1 end) as count_notnull,
       sum(case when a is null then 1 else 0 end) as count_null
from tab
group by a

这有点棘手。假设表只有一列，那么Count(1)和Count(*)将给出不同的值。

set nocount on
    declare @table1 table (empid int)
    insert @table1 values (1),(2),(3),(4),(5),(6),(7),(8),(9),(10),(NULL),(11),(12),(NULL),(13),(14);

    select * from @table1
    select COUNT(1) as "COUNT(1)" from @table1
    select COUNT(empid) "Count(empid)" from @table1

查询结果

如图所示，第一个结果显示表有16行。其中两行为NULL。所以当我们使用Count(*)时，查询引擎会计算行数，所以我们得到Count result为16。但是对于Count(empid)，它会对列empid中的非null值进行计数。结果是14。

所以每当我们使用计数(列)，确保我们照顾空值如下所示。

select COUNT(isnull(empid,1)) from @table1

将同时计算NULL和Non-NULL值。

注意:当表由多个列组成时，同样的情况也适用。Count(1)将给出总行数，而不考虑NULL/Non-NULL值。只有在使用Count(column)对列值进行计数时，我们才需要注意NULL值。

为了提供另一种选择，Postgres 9.4+允许对聚合应用FILTER:

SELECT
  COUNT(*) FILTER (WHERE a IS NULL) count_nulls,
  COUNT(*) FILTER (WHERE a IS NOT NULL) count_not_nulls
FROM us;

SQLFiddle: http://sqlfiddle.com/ # !17/80a24/5

我在postgres 10中创建了这个表，下面两种方法都有效:

从我们中选择count(*)

and

从我们中选择count(a为空)

SELECT SUM(NULLs) AS 'NULLS', SUM(NOTNULLs) AS 'NOTNULLs' FROM 
    (select count(*) AS 'NULLs', 0 as 'NOTNULLs' FROM us WHERE a is null
    UNION select 0 as 'NULLs', count(*) AS 'NOTNULLs' FROM us WHERE a is not null) AS x

这很糟糕，但它将返回一个带有2个cols的记录，指示null和非null的计数。