子目录的功能性解决方案:

from fnmatch import filter
from functools import partial
from itertools import chain
from os import path, walk

print(*chain(*(map(partial(path.join, root), filter(filenames, "*.txt")) for root, _, filenames in walk("mydir"))))

Path.py是另一种选择:https://github.com/jaraco/path.py

from path import path
p = path('/path/to/the/directory')
for f in p.files(pattern='*.txt'):
    print f

这里有更多相同的版本，产生略微不同的结果:

glob.iglob ()

import glob
for f in glob.iglob("/mydir/*/*.txt"): # generator, search immediate subdirectories 
    print f

glob.glob1（）

print glob.glob1("/mydir", "*.tx?")  # literal_directory, basename_pattern

fnmatch.filter（）

import fnmatch, os
print fnmatch.filter(os.listdir("/mydir"), "*.tx?") # include dot-files

我喜欢os.walk():

import os

for root, dirs, files in os.walk(dir):
    for f in files:
        if os.path.splitext(f)[1] == '.txt':
            fullpath = os.path.join(root, f)
            print(fullpath)

或者使用生成器:

import os

fileiter = (os.path.join(root, f)
    for root, _, files in os.walk(dir)
    for f in files)
txtfileiter = (f for f in fileiter if os.path.splitext(f)[1] == '.txt')
for txt in txtfileiter:
    print(txt)

这样做是可行的:

>>> import os
>>> path = '/usr/share/cups/charmaps'
>>> text_files = [f for f in os.listdir(path) if f.endswith('.txt')]
>>> text_files
['euc-cn.txt', 'euc-jp.txt', 'euc-kr.txt', 'euc-tw.txt', ... 'windows-950.txt']

Python有所有工具可以做到这一点:

import os

the_dir = 'the_dir_that_want_to_search_in'
all_txt_files = filter(lambda x: x.endswith('.txt'), os.listdir(the_dir))