导入系统 sys.path.append(“. . /”)

你可以使用相对导入(python >= 2.5):

from ... import nib

(Python 2.5新增功能)PEP 328:绝对和相对导入

编辑:增加了另一个点。“去送两个包裹

pathlib库(包含在>= Python 3.4中)使得将父目录的路径附加到PYTHONPATH非常简洁和直观:

import sys
from pathlib import Path
sys.path.append(str(Path('.').absolute().parent))

我发现下面的方法可以从脚本的父目录导入包。在这个例子中，我想从app.db包中导入env.py中的函数。

.
└── my_application
    └── alembic
        └── env.py
    └── app
        ├── __init__.py
        └── db

import os
import sys
currentdir = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
parentdir = os.path.dirname(currentdir)
sys.path.append(parentdir)

在Jupyter笔记本上(用Jupyter LAB或Jupyter Notebook打开)

只要你在木星笔记本上工作，这个简短的解决方案可能会有用:

%cd ..
import nib

即使没有__init__.py文件，它也能工作。

我在Linux和Windows 7上用Anaconda3测试了它。

如果将模块文件夹添加到PYTHONPATH中失败，则可以修改sys. conf文件。Python解释器在你的程序中搜索要导入的模块的路径列表，Python文档说:

When a module named spam is imported, the interpreter first searches for a built-in module with that name. If not found, it then searches for a file named spam.py in a list of directories given by the variable sys.path. sys.path is initialized from these locations: the directory containing the input script (or the current directory). PYTHONPATH (a list of directory names, with the same syntax as the shell variable PATH). the installation-dependent default. After initialization, Python programs can modify sys.path. The directory containing the script being run is placed at the beginning of the search path, ahead of the standard library path. This means that scripts in that directory will be loaded instead of modules of the same name in the library directory. This is an error unless the replacement is intended.

知道了这一点，你可以在程序中执行以下操作:

import sys
# Add the ptdraft folder path to the sys.path list
sys.path.append('/path/to/ptdraft/')

# Now you can import your module
from ptdraft import nib
# Or just
import ptdraft