我们已经使用WiX有一段时间了,尽管人们对它的易用性有一些抱怨,但它运行得相当不错。我想要的是有用的建议:

设置WiX项目(布局、引用、文件模式) 将WiX集成到解决方案中,并构建/发布流程 为新的安装和升级配置安装程序 任何你想分享的好的WiX技巧


当前回答

包括COM对象:

Heat生成所有(如果不是全部)注册表项和它们所需的其他配置。喜乐!

包括托管COM对象(又名。net或c# COM对象)

在托管COM对象上使用heat将为您提供一个几乎完整的wix文档。

If you don't need the library available in the GAC (ie, globally available: MOST of the time you do not need this with your .NET assemblies anyway - you've probably done something wrong at this point if it's not intended to be a shared library) you will want to make sure to update the CodeBase registry key to be set to [#ComponentName]. If you ARE planning on installing it to the GAC (eg, you've made some new awesome common library that everyone will want to use) you must remove this entry, and add two new attributes to the File element: Assembly and KeyPath. Assembly should be set to ".net" and KeyPath should be set to "yes".

然而,某些环境(特别是带有托管内存的环境,如脚本语言)也需要访问Typelib。确保在你的打字单上运行热度并包括它。Heat将生成所有需要的注册表项。多酷啊!

其他回答

修改“准备好安装了吗?”对话框(又名VerifyReadyDlg),以提供所做选择的摘要。

它是这样的: Alt文本http://i46.tinypic.com/s4th7t.jpg

用Javascript CustomAction来做这个:


Javascript代码:

// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa372516(VS.85).aspx
var MsiViewModify = 
    {
        Refresh          : 0,
        Insert           : 1,
        Update           : 2,
        Assign           : 3,
        Replace          : 4,
        Merge            : 5,
        Delete           : 6,
        InsertTemporary  : 7,   // cannot permanently modify the MSI during install
        Validate         : 8,
        ValidateNew      : 9,
        ValidateField    : 10,
        ValidateDelete   : 11
    };


// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/sfw6660x(VS.85).aspx
var Buttons = 
    {
        OkOnly           : 0,
        OkCancel         : 1,
        AbortRetryIgnore : 2,
        YesNoCancel      : 3
    };

var Icons= 
    {
        Critical         : 16,
        Question         : 32,
        Exclamation      : 48,
        Information      : 64
    }

var MsgKind =
    {
        Error            : 0x01000000,
        Warning          : 0x02000000,
        User             : 0x03000000,
        Log              : 0x04000000
    };

// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa371254(VS.85).aspx
var MsiActionStatus = 
    {
        None             : 0,
        Ok               : 1, // success
        Cancel           : 2,
        Abort            : 3,
        Retry            : 4, // aka suspend?
        Ignore           : 5  // skip remaining actions; this is not an error.
    };

function UpdateReadyDialog_CA(sitename)
{
    try 
    {
        // can retrieve properties from the install session like this:
        var selectedWebSiteId = Session.Property("MSI_PROPERTY_HERE");

        // can retrieve requested feature install state like this:
        var fInstallRequested   = Session.FeatureRequestState("F.FeatureName");

        var text1 = "This is line 1 of text in the VerifyReadyDlg";

        var text2 = "This is the second line of custom text";

        var controlView     = Session.Database.OpenView("SELECT * FROM Control");
        controlView.Execute();

        var rec             = Session.Installer.CreateRecord(12);
        rec.StringData(1)   = "VerifyReadyDlg";    // Dialog_
        rec.StringData(2)   = "CustomVerifyText1"; // Control - can be any name
        rec.StringData(3)   = "Text";              // Type
        rec.IntegerData(4)  = 25;                  // X
        rec.IntegerData(5)  = 60;                  // Y
        rec.IntegerData(6)  = 320;                 // Width
        rec.IntegerData(7)  = 85;                  // Height
        rec.IntegerData(8)  = 2;                   // Attributes
        rec.StringData(9)   = "";                  // Property
        rec.StringData(10)  = vText1;              // Text
        rec.StringData(11)  = "";                  // Control_Next
        rec.StringData(12)  = "";                  // Help
        controlView.Modify(MsiViewModify.InsertTemporary, rec);

        rec                 = Session.Installer.CreateRecord(12);
        rec.StringData(1)   = "VerifyReadyDlg";    // Dialog_
        rec.StringData(2)   = "CustomVerifyText2"; // Control - any unique name
        rec.StringData(3)   = "Text";              // Type
        rec.IntegerData(4)  = 25;                  // X
        rec.IntegerData(5)  = 160;                 // Y
        rec.IntegerData(6)  = 320;                 // Width
        rec.IntegerData(7)  = 65;                  // Height
        rec.IntegerData(8)  = 2;                   // Attributes
        rec.StringData(9)   = "";                  // Property
        rec.StringData(10)  = text2;               // Text
        rec.StringData(11)  = "";                  // Control_Next
        rec.StringData(12)  = "";                  // Help
        controlView.Modify(MsiViewModify.InsertTemporary, rec);

        controlView.Close();
    }
    catch (exc1)
    {
        Session.Property("CA_EXCEPTION") = exc1.message ;
        LogException("UpdatePropsWithSelectedWebSite", exc1);
        return MsiActionStatus.Abort;
    }
    return MsiActionStatus.Ok;
}


function LogException(loc, exc)
{
    var record = Session.Installer.CreateRecord(0);
    record.StringData(0) = "Exception {" + loc + "}: " + exc.number + " : " + exc.message;
    Session.Message(MsgKind.Error + Icons.Critical + Buttons.btnOkOnly, record);
}

声明Javascript CA:

<Fragment>
  <Binary Id="IisScript_CA" SourceFile="CustomActions.js" />

  <CustomAction Id="CA.UpdateReadyDialog"
              BinaryKey="IisScript_CA"
              JScriptCall="UpdateReadyDialog_CA"
              Execute="immediate"
              Return="check" />
</Fragment>

将CA连接到按钮上。在这个例子中,当从CustomizeDlg中单击Next时,CA将被触发:

<UI ...>
  <Publish Dialog="CustomizeDlg" Control="Next" Event="DoAction" 
           Value="CA.UpdateReadyDialog" Order="1"/>
</UI>

相关SO问题:如何设置,在运行时,文本将显示在VerifyReadyDlg?

Peter Tate已经展示了如何在单独的wix片段中定义可重用的ComponentGroup定义。一些与此相关的额外技巧:

目录别名

组件组片段不需要知道主产品wxs定义的目录。在你的组件组片段中,你可以这样描述一个文件夹:

<DirectoryRef Id="component1InstallFolder">
...
</DirectoryRef>

然后主产品可以别名它的一个目录(例如。"productInstallFolder")像这样:

<Directory Id="productInstallFolder" Name="ProductName">
   <!-- not subfolders (because no Name attribute) but aliases for parent! -->
   <Directory Id="component1InstallFolder"/> 
   <Directory Id="component2InstallFolder"/> 
</Directory>

依赖关系图

ComponentGroup元素可以包含ComponentGroupRef子元素。如果您有大量可重用组件,并且它们之间有复杂的依赖关系图,那么这是非常棒的。你只需要为每个组件在自己的片段中建立一个ComponentGroup,并像这样声明依赖项:

<ComponentGroup Id="B">
   <ComponentRef Id="_B" />
   <ComponentGroupRef Id="A">
</ComponentGroup>

如果您现在在设置中引用组件组“B”,因为它是应用程序的直接依赖项,那么它将自动拉入组件组“a”,即使应用程序作者从未意识到它是“B”的依赖项。只要你没有任何循环依赖,它就“可以工作”。

Reusable wixlib

如果您使用lit.exe将大池-o-可重用组件编译为可重用的wixlib,则上述依赖关系图的想法效果最好。在创建应用程序设置时,可以像引用wixobj文件一样引用这个wixlib。exe链接器将自动消除没有被主产品wxs文件“拉入”的任何片段。

检查是否安装IIS:

<Property Id="IIS_MAJOR_VERSION">
    <RegistrySearch Id="CheckIISVersion" Root="HKLM" Key="SOFTWARE\Microsoft\InetStp" Name="MajorVersion" Type="raw" />
</Property>

<Condition Message="IIS must be installed">
    Installed OR IIS_MAJOR_VERSION
</Condition>

检查Vista+上是否安装了iis6元数据库兼容性:

<Property Id="IIS_METABASE_COMPAT">
    <RegistrySearch Id="CheckIISMetabase" Root="HKLM" Key="SOFTWARE\Microsoft\InetStp\Components" Name="ADSICompatibility" Type="raw" />
</Property>

<Condition Message="IIS 6 Metabase Compatibility feature must be installed">
    Installed OR ((VersionNT &lt; 600) OR IIS_METABASE_COMPAT)
</Condition>

在退出对话框中添加一个复选框来启动应用程序或帮助文件。

...

<!-- CA to launch the exe after install -->
<CustomAction Id          ="CA.StartAppOnExit"
              FileKey     ="YourAppExeId"
              ExeCommand  =""
              Execute     ="immediate"
              Impersonate ="yes"
              Return      ="asyncNoWait" />

<!-- CA to launch the help file -->
<CustomAction Id         ="CA.LaunchHelp"
              Directory  ="INSTALLDIR"
              ExeCommand ='[WindowsFolder]hh.exe IirfGuide.chm'
              Execute    ="immediate"
              Return     ="asyncNoWait" />

<Property Id="WIXUI_EXITDIALOGOPTIONALCHECKBOXTEXT"
          Value="Launch MyApp when setup exits." />

<UI>
  <Publish Dialog  ="ExitDialog"
           Control ="Finish"
           Order   ="1"
           Event   ="DoAction"
           Value   ="CA.StartAppOnExit">WIXUI_EXITDIALOGOPTIONALCHECKBOXTEXT</Publish>
</UI>

如果这样做,“标准”外观就不太正确。复选框总是灰色背景,而对话框是白色的:

可选文字 http://www.dizzymonkeydesign.com/blog/misc/adding-and-customizing-dlgs-in-wix-3/images/exit_dlg_1.gif

解决这个问题的一种方法是指定您自己的自定义ExitDialog,使用一个位置不同的复选框。这是可行的,但似乎很多工作只是改变一个控件的颜色。另一种解决相同问题的方法是对生成的MSI进行后处理,以更改控制表中特定CheckBox控件的X,Y字段。javascript代码如下所示:

var msiOpenDatabaseModeTransact = 1;
var filespec = WScript.Arguments(0);
var installer = new ActiveXObject("WindowsInstaller.Installer");
var database = installer.OpenDatabase(filespec, msiOpenDatabaseModeTransact);
var sql = "UPDATE `Control` SET `Control`.`Height` = '18', `Control`.`Width` = '170'," +
          " `Control`.`Y`='243', `Control`.`X`='10' " +
          "WHERE `Control`.`Dialog_`='ExitDialog' AND " + 
          "  `Control`.`Control`='OptionalCheckBox'";
var view = database.OpenView(sql);
view.Execute();
view.Close();
database.Commit();

在MSI生成后(从light.exe)运行这段代码作为命令行脚本(使用cscript.exe)将产生一个看起来更专业的ExitDialog:

可选文字 http://www.dizzymonkeydesign.com/blog/misc/adding-and-customizing-dlgs-in-wix-3/images/exit_dlg_2.gif

这是一个很好的结构,但根据我的经验,我想知道你如何解决这些情况:

答:你的安装似乎都落在了同一个目的地。如果用户需要同时安装所有3个版本,您的进程是否允许这样做。它们能明确地说出它们正在触发的每个可执行文件的哪个版本吗?

B.如何处理TEST和/或TRAINING中存在但LIVE中还没有的新文件?