让我们从一个例子开始，如果我们在网上购买一件产品，它会经过不同团队处理的运输/交付等流程。因此，如果运输完成，运输团队应该通知交付团队，并且应该是一对一的沟通，因为广播这个信息对其他人来说是一种开销/供应商可能只希望将这个信息传递给需要的人。

所以如果我们从应用的角度考虑，一个事件可以是一个在线订单，不同的团队可以是多个视图。

下面是代码，将ShippingView作为发货团队，将DeliveryView作为交付团队:

//Declare the protocol with functions having info which needs to be communicated
protocol ShippingDelegate : class {
    func productShipped(productID : String)
}
//shippingView which shows shipping status of products
class ShippingView : UIView
{

    weak var delegate:ShippingDelegate?
    var productID : String

    @IBAction func checkShippingStatus(sender: UIButton)
    {
        // if product is shipped
        delegate?.productShipped(productID: productID)
    }
}
//Delivery view which shows delivery status & tracking info
class DeliveryView: UIView,ShippingDelegate
{
    func productShipped(productID : String)
    {
        // update status on view & perform delivery
    }
}

//Main page on app which has both views & shows updated info on product whole status
class ProductViewController : UIViewController
{
    var shippingView : ShippingView
    var deliveryView : DeliveryView

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        // as we want to update shipping info on delivery view, so assign delegate to delivery object
        // whenever shipping status gets updated it will call productShipped method in DeliveryView & update UI.
        shippingView.delegate = deliveryView
        //
    }
}

//1.
//Custom delegate 
@protocol TB_RemovedUserCellTag <NSObject>

-(void)didRemoveCellWithTag:(NSInteger)tag;

@end

//2.
//Create a weak reference in a class where you declared the delegate
@property(weak,nonatomic)id <TB_RemovedUserCellTag> removedCellTagDelegate;

//3. 
// use it in the class
  [self.removedCellTagDelegate didRemoveCellWithTag:self.tag];

//4. import the header file in the class where you want to conform to the protocol
@interface MyClassUsesDelegate ()<TB_RemovedUserCellTag>

@end

/ / 5。在类.m中实现该方法 - (void) didRemoveCellWithTag: (NSInteger)标记 ｛ NSLog@(“% d”标签,标签);

}

下面是一个创建委托的简单方法

在.h文件中创建协议。确保它是在协议之前定义的，使用@class后面跟着UIViewController的名字，因为我要使用的协议是UIViewController类>。

步骤:1:创建一个名为“YourViewController”的新类Protocol，它将是UIViewController类的子类，并将这个类分配给第二个ViewController。

步骤2:转到“YourViewController”文件，并如下所示修改它:

#import <UIKit/UIkit.h>
@class YourViewController;

@protocol YourViewController Delegate <NSObject>

 @optional
-(void)defineDelegateMethodName: (YourViewController *) controller;

@required
-(BOOL)delegateMethodReturningBool: (YourViewController *) controller;

  @end
  @interface YourViewController : UIViewController

  //Since the property for the protocol could be of any class, then it will be marked as a type of id.

  @property (nonatomic, weak) id< YourViewController Delegate> delegate;

@end

协议行为中定义的方法可以用@optional和@required作为协议定义的一部分进行控制。

步骤3: 委托的实现

    #import "delegate.h"

   @interface YourDelegateUser ()
     <YourViewControllerDelegate>
   @end

   @implementation YourDelegateUser

   - (void) variousFoo {
      YourViewController *controller = [[YourViewController alloc] init];
      controller.delegate = self;
   }

   -(void)defineDelegateMethodName: (YourViewController *) controller {
      // handle the delegate being called here
   }

   -(BOOL)delegateMethodReturningBool: (YourViewController *) controller {
      // handle the delegate being called here
      return YES;
   }

   @end

//在调用该方法之前测试该方法是否已经定义

 - (void) someMethodToCallDelegate {
     if ([[self delegate] respondsToSelector:@selector(defineDelegateMethodName:)]) {
           [self.delegate delegateMethodName:self]; 
     }
  }

斯威夫特版本

委托只是一个为另一个类做一些工作的类。阅读下面的代码，这是一个有点傻(但希望有启发性)的Playground示例，它展示了如何在Swift中实现这一点。

// A protocol is just a list of methods (and/or properties) that must
// be used by any class that adopts the protocol.
protocol OlderSiblingDelegate: class {
    // This protocol only defines one required method
    func getYourNiceOlderSiblingAGlassOfWater() -> String
}

class BossyBigBrother {
    
    // The delegate is the BossyBigBrother's slave. This position can 
    // be assigned later to whoever is available (and conforms to the 
    // protocol).
    weak var delegate: OlderSiblingDelegate?
    
    func tellSomebodyToGetMeSomeWater() -> String? {
        // The delegate is optional because there might not be anyone
        // nearby to boss around.
        return delegate?.getYourNiceOlderSiblingAGlassOfWater()
    }
}

// PoorLittleSister conforms to the OlderSiblingDelegate protocol
class PoorLittleSister: OlderSiblingDelegate {

    // This method is repquired by the protocol, but the protocol said
    // nothing about how it needs to be implemented.
    func getYourNiceOlderSiblingAGlassOfWater() -> String {
        return "Go get it yourself!"
    }
    
}

// initialize the classes
let bigBro = BossyBigBrother()
let lilSis = PoorLittleSister()

// Set the delegate 
// bigBro could boss around anyone who conforms to the 
// OlderSiblingDelegate protocol, but since lilSis is here, 
// she is the unlucky choice.
bigBro.delegate = lilSis

// Because the delegate is set, there is a class to do bigBro's work for him.
// bigBro tells lilSis to get him some water.
if let replyFromLilSis = bigBro.tellSomebodyToGetMeSomeWater() {
    print(replyFromLilSis) // "Go get it yourself!"
}

在实际实践中，委托通常用于以下情况

当一个类需要向另一个类传递一些信息时 当一个类希望允许另一个类自定义它时

类之间不需要事先知道彼此的任何信息，除非委托类符合所需的协议。

我强烈推荐阅读以下两篇文章。它们甚至比文档更能帮助我理解委托。

什么是委托?-快速开发人员指南 委托如何工作-一个快速的开发者指南

让我们从一个例子开始，如果我们在网上购买一件产品，它会经过不同团队处理的运输/交付等流程。因此，如果运输完成，运输团队应该通知交付团队，并且应该是一对一的沟通，因为广播这个信息对其他人来说是一种开销/供应商可能只希望将这个信息传递给需要的人。

所以如果我们从应用的角度考虑，一个事件可以是一个在线订单，不同的团队可以是多个视图。

下面是代码，将ShippingView作为发货团队，将DeliveryView作为交付团队:

//Declare the protocol with functions having info which needs to be communicated
protocol ShippingDelegate : class {
    func productShipped(productID : String)
}
//shippingView which shows shipping status of products
class ShippingView : UIView
{

    weak var delegate:ShippingDelegate?
    var productID : String

    @IBAction func checkShippingStatus(sender: UIButton)
    {
        // if product is shipped
        delegate?.productShipped(productID: productID)
    }
}
//Delivery view which shows delivery status & tracking info
class DeliveryView: UIView,ShippingDelegate
{
    func productShipped(productID : String)
    {
        // update status on view & perform delivery
    }
}

//Main page on app which has both views & shows updated info on product whole status
class ProductViewController : UIViewController
{
    var shippingView : ShippingView
    var deliveryView : DeliveryView

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        // as we want to update shipping info on delivery view, so assign delegate to delivery object
        // whenever shipping status gets updated it will call productShipped method in DeliveryView & update UI.
        shippingView.delegate = deliveryView
        //
    }
}

作为苹果公司推荐的一个好的实践，委托(根据定义，它是一个协议)符合NSObject协议是有好处的。

@protocol MyDelegate <NSObject>
    ...
@end

要在你的委托中创建可选方法(即不一定要实现的方法)，你可以像这样使用@optional注释:

@protocol MyDelegate <NSObject>
    ...
    ...
      // Declaration for Methods that 'must' be implemented'
    ...
    ...
    @optional
    ...
      // Declaration for Methods that 'need not necessarily' be implemented by the class conforming to your delegate
    ...
@end

因此，当使用你指定为可选的方法时，你需要(在你的类中)检查respondsToSelector是否视图(符合你的委托)已经实际实现了你的可选方法。