我正在用Python文本阅读Sweigart的《自动化无聊的东西》。我正在使用IDLE,并且已经安装了Selenium模块和Firefox浏览器。

每当我试图运行webdriver函数,我得到这个:

from selenium import webdriver
browser = webdriver.Firefox()

例外:

Exception ignored in: <bound method Service.__del__ of <selenium.webdriver.firefox.service.Service object at 0x00000249C0DA1080>>
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 163, in __del__
    self.stop()
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 135, in stop
    if self.process is None:
AttributeError: 'Service' object has no attribute 'process'
Exception ignored in: <bound method Service.__del__ of <selenium.webdriver.firefox.service.Service object at 0x00000249C0E08128>>
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 163, in __del__
    self.stop()
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 135, in stop
    if self.process is None:
AttributeError: 'Service' object has no attribute 'process'
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 64, in start
    stdout=self.log_file, stderr=self.log_file)
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\subprocess.py", line 947, in __init__
    restore_signals, start_new_session)
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\subprocess.py", line 1224, in _execute_child
    startupinfo)
FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] The system cannot find the file specified

在处理上述异常时,发生了另一个异常:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#11>", line 1, in <module>
    browser = webdriver.Firefox()
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\firefox\webdriver.py", line 135, in __init__
    self.service.start()
  File "C:\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\common\service.py", line 71, in start
    os.path.basename(self.path), self.start_error_message)
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: 'geckodriver' executable needs to be in PATH.

我想我需要为geckodriver设置路径,但我不确定如何,所以我该如何做到这一点?


当前回答

一些额外的输入/澄清:

下面是Windows 7、Python 3.6和Selenium 3.11的分辨率:

dsalaj关于Unix的另一个答案的注释也适用于Windows;可以避免在Windows级别上修补PATH环境变量和重新启动Windows系统。

(1)下载geckdriver(如本线程前面所述),并将(解压)geckdriver.exe放在X:\Folder\of\your\choice

(2) Python代码示例:

import os;
os.environ["PATH"] += os.pathsep + r'X:\Folder\of\your\choice';

from selenium import webdriver;
browser = webdriver.Firefox();
browser.get('http://localhost:8000')
assert 'Django' in browser.title

注:

(1)上述代码打开指定URL的Firefox浏览器可能需要大约10秒的时间。

(2)如果没有服务器在指定的URL上运行,或者没有包含字符串'Django'的页面,Python控制台将显示以下错误:

selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: Reached error page: about:neterror?e = connectionFailure&u = http % 3 / / localhost % 3 a8000 / Firefox和c = UTF-8&f = regular&d = % 20可以% E2 % 80% 9

其他回答

这为我解决了问题。

from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=r'your\path\geckodriver.exe')
driver.get('http://inventwithpython.com')

在macOS v10.12.1 (Sierra)和Python 2.7.10上,这对我来说是有效的:

def download(url):
    firefox_capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX
    firefox_capabilities['marionette'] = True
    browser = webdriver.Firefox(capabilities=firefox_capabilities,
                                executable_path=r'/Users/Do01/Documents/crawler-env/geckodriver')
    browser.get(url)
    return browser.page_source

如果要在Windows 10系统下添加驱动程序路径:

右键单击“这台PC”图标,选择“属性” 点击“高级系统设置” 点击屏幕底部的“环境变量” 在“用户变量”部分选中“路径”,然后点击“编辑” 通过点击“New”,输入你要添加的驱动程序的路径,然后按回车键,来添加变量的路径。 输入路径后,点击“确定” 继续点击“确定”,直到关闭所有屏幕

也可以执行echo PATH (Linux),并将geckodriver移动到您喜欢的文件夹。如果目标是系统(而不是虚拟环境)文件夹,则驱动程序将成为全局可访问的。

最简单的方法为Windows!

从这里下载最新版本的geckodriver。将geckodriver.exe文件添加到Python目录(或PATH中已经存在的任何其他目录)。这应该能解决问题(在Windows 10上进行了测试)。