严格相等运算符将告诉您两个对象类型是否相等。然而,是否有一种方法来判断两个对象是否相等,就像Java中的哈希码值一样?

堆栈溢出问题JavaScript中有hashCode函数吗?类似于这个问题,但需要一个更学术的答案。上面的场景说明了为什么有必要有一个,我想知道是否有等效的解决方案。


当前回答

如果你在AngularJS中工作,angular。Equals函数将确定两个对象是否相等。在Ember.js中使用isEqual。

角。equals -关于这个方法的更多信息,请参阅文档或源代码。它还对数组进行了深度比较。 js isEqual -关于这个方法的更多信息,请参阅文档或源代码。它不会对数组进行深度比较。

Var紫色=[{"紫色":"喝了"}]; Var drinking =[{"紫色":"喝了"}]; 如果(角。等于(紫色,喝)){ 文档。写(有dat); } < script src = " https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/angularjs/1.4.5/angular.min.js " > < /脚本>

其他回答

简短的回答

简单的答案是:不,没有一般的方法来确定一个对象等于另一个你所指的意义。例外情况是当您严格地认为一个对象是无类型的。

长话短说

这个概念是一个Equals方法,它比较一个对象的两个不同实例,以指示它们在值级别上是否相等。但是,定义Equals方法应该如何实现取决于具体的类型。对具有基本值的属性进行迭代比较可能还不够:对象可能包含与相等无关的属性。例如,

 function MyClass(a, b)
 {
     var c;
     this.getCLazy = function() {
         if (c === undefined) c = a * b // imagine * is really expensive
         return c;
     }
  }

在上面的例子中,c对于确定MyClass的任何两个实例是否相等并不重要,只有a和b是重要的。在某些情况下,c可能在不同实例之间有所不同,但在比较中并不显著。

注意,当成员本身也可能是某个类型的实例,并且每个实例都需要有确定相等的方法时,这个问题就会出现。

更复杂的是,在JavaScript中,数据和方法之间的区别是模糊的。

一个对象可以引用一个作为事件处理程序调用的方法,这可能不被认为是其“值状态”的一部分。然而,另一个对象很可能被分配一个执行重要计算的函数,从而使这个实例与其他实例不同,仅仅因为它引用了不同的函数。

如果一个对象的现有原型方法被另一个函数覆盖,该怎么办?它还能被认为与另一个相同的实例相等吗?这个问题只能在每种类型的具体情况下回答。

如前所述,异常将是一个严格的无类型对象。在这种情况下,唯一明智的选择是对每个成员进行迭代和递归比较。即使这样,人们也要问一个函数的“值”是什么?

当然,当我们在它的时候,我会抛出我自己对车轮的重新发明(我为辐条和使用的材料的数量感到自豪):

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

var equals = function ( objectA, objectB ) {
    var result = false,
        keysA,
        keysB;

    // Check if they are pointing at the same variable. If they are, no need to test further.
    if ( objectA === objectB ) {
        return true;
    }

    // Check if they are the same type. If they are not, no need to test further.
    if ( typeof objectA !== typeof objectB ) {
        return false;
    }

    // Check what kind of variables they are to see what sort of comparison we should make.
    if ( typeof objectA === "object" ) {
        // Check if they have the same constructor, so that we are comparing apples with apples.
        if ( objectA.constructor === objectA.constructor ) {
            // If we are working with Arrays...
            if ( objectA instanceof Array ) {
                // Check the arrays are the same length. If not, they cannot be the same.
                if ( objectA.length === objectB.length ) {
                    // Compare each element. They must be identical. If not, the comparison stops immediately and returns false.
                    return objectA.every(
                        function ( element, i ) {
                            return equals( element, objectB[ i ] );
                        }
                    );
                }
                // They are not the same length, and so are not identical.
                else {
                    return false;
                }
            }
            // If we are working with RegExps...
            else if ( objectA instanceof RegExp ) {
                // Return the results of a string comparison of the expression.
                return ( objectA.toString() === objectB.toString() );
            }
            // Else we are working with other types of objects...
            else {
                // Get the keys as arrays from both objects. This uses Object.keys, so no old browsers here.
                keysA = Object.keys( objectA );

                keysB = Object.keys( objectB );

                // Check the key arrays are the same length. If not, they cannot be the same.
                if ( keysA.length === keysB.length ) {
                    // Compare each property. They must be identical. If not, the comparison stops immediately and returns false.
                    return keysA.every(
                        function ( element ) {
                            return equals( objectA[ element ], objectB[ element ] );
                        }
                    );
                }
                // They do not have the same number of keys, and so are not identical.
                else {
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }
        // They don't have the same constructor.
        else {
            return false;
        }
    }
    // If they are both functions, let us do a string comparison.
    else if ( typeof objectA === "function" ) {
        return ( objectA.toString() === objectB.toString() );
    }
    // If a simple variable type, compare directly without coercion.
    else {
        return ( objectA === objectB );
    }

    // Return a default if nothing has already been returned.
    return result;
};

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

它会尽可能快地返回false,但当然,对于一个差异嵌套很深的大对象,它可能不那么有效。在我自己的场景中,良好地处理嵌套数组非常重要。

希望它能帮助需要这种“轮子”的人。

这是我的版本。它正在使用new Object。ES5中引入的keys特性以及+、+和+的想法/测试:

function objectEquals(x, y) { 'use strict'; if (x === null || x === undefined || y === null || y === undefined) { return x === y; } // after this just checking type of one would be enough if (x.constructor !== y.constructor) { return false; } // if they are functions, they should exactly refer to same one (because of closures) if (x instanceof Function) { return x === y; } // if they are regexps, they should exactly refer to same one (it is hard to better equality check on current ES) if (x instanceof RegExp) { return x === y; } if (x === y || x.valueOf() === y.valueOf()) { return true; } if (Array.isArray(x) && x.length !== y.length) { return false; } // if they are dates, they must had equal valueOf if (x instanceof Date) { return false; } // if they are strictly equal, they both need to be object at least if (!(x instanceof Object)) { return false; } if (!(y instanceof Object)) { return false; } // recursive object equality check var p = Object.keys(x); return Object.keys(y).every(function (i) { return p.indexOf(i) !== -1; }) && p.every(function (i) { return objectEquals(x[i], y[i]); }); } /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// /// The borrowed tests, run them by clicking "Run code snippet" /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// var printResult = function (x) { if (x) { document.write('<div style="color: green;">Passed</div>'); } else { document.write('<div style="color: red;">Failed</div>'); } }; var assert = { isTrue: function (x) { printResult(x); }, isFalse: function (x) { printResult(!x); } } assert.isTrue(objectEquals(null,null)); assert.isFalse(objectEquals(null,undefined)); assert.isFalse(objectEquals(/abc/, /abc/)); assert.isFalse(objectEquals(/abc/, /123/)); var r = /abc/; assert.isTrue(objectEquals(r, r)); assert.isTrue(objectEquals("hi","hi")); assert.isTrue(objectEquals(5,5)); assert.isFalse(objectEquals(5,10)); assert.isTrue(objectEquals([],[])); assert.isTrue(objectEquals([1,2],[1,2])); assert.isFalse(objectEquals([1,2],[2,1])); assert.isFalse(objectEquals([1,2],[1,2,3])); assert.isTrue(objectEquals({},{})); assert.isTrue(objectEquals({a:1,b:2},{a:1,b:2})); assert.isTrue(objectEquals({a:1,b:2},{b:2,a:1})); assert.isFalse(objectEquals({a:1,b:2},{a:1,b:3})); assert.isTrue(objectEquals({1:{name:"mhc",age:28}, 2:{name:"arb",age:26}},{1:{name:"mhc",age:28}, 2:{name:"arb",age:26}})); assert.isFalse(objectEquals({1:{name:"mhc",age:28}, 2:{name:"arb",age:26}},{1:{name:"mhc",age:28}, 2:{name:"arb",age:27}})); Object.prototype.equals = function (obj) { return objectEquals(this, obj); }; var assertFalse = assert.isFalse, assertTrue = assert.isTrue; assertFalse({}.equals(null)); assertFalse({}.equals(undefined)); assertTrue("hi".equals("hi")); assertTrue(new Number(5).equals(5)); assertFalse(new Number(5).equals(10)); assertFalse(new Number(1).equals("1")); assertTrue([].equals([])); assertTrue([1,2].equals([1,2])); assertFalse([1,2].equals([2,1])); assertFalse([1,2].equals([1,2,3])); assertTrue(new Date("2011-03-31").equals(new Date("2011-03-31"))); assertFalse(new Date("2011-03-31").equals(new Date("1970-01-01"))); assertTrue({}.equals({})); assertTrue({a:1,b:2}.equals({a:1,b:2})); assertTrue({a:1,b:2}.equals({b:2,a:1})); assertFalse({a:1,b:2}.equals({a:1,b:3})); assertTrue({1:{name:"mhc",age:28}, 2:{name:"arb",age:26}}.equals({1:{name:"mhc",age:28}, 2:{name:"arb",age:26}})); assertFalse({1:{name:"mhc",age:28}, 2:{name:"arb",age:26}}.equals({1:{name:"mhc",age:28}, 2:{name:"arb",age:27}})); var a = {a: 'text', b:[0,1]}; var b = {a: 'text', b:[0,1]}; var c = {a: 'text', b: 0}; var d = {a: 'text', b: false}; var e = {a: 'text', b:[1,0]}; var i = { a: 'text', c: { b: [1, 0] } }; var j = { a: 'text', c: { b: [1, 0] } }; var k = {a: 'text', b: null}; var l = {a: 'text', b: undefined}; assertTrue(a.equals(b)); assertFalse(a.equals(c)); assertFalse(c.equals(d)); assertFalse(a.equals(e)); assertTrue(i.equals(j)); assertFalse(d.equals(k)); assertFalse(k.equals(l)); // from comments on stackoverflow post assert.isFalse(objectEquals([1, 2, undefined], [1, 2])); assert.isFalse(objectEquals([1, 2, 3], { 0: 1, 1: 2, 2: 3 })); assert.isFalse(objectEquals(new Date(1234), 1234)); // no two different function is equal really, they capture their context variables // so even if they have same toString(), they won't have same functionality var func = function (x) { return true; }; var func2 = function (x) { return true; }; assert.isTrue(objectEquals(func, func)); assert.isFalse(objectEquals(func, func2)); assert.isTrue(objectEquals({ a: { b: func } }, { a: { b: func } })); assert.isFalse(objectEquals({ a: { b: func } }, { a: { b: func2 } }));

需要一个比已经发布的更通用的对象比较函数,我炮制了以下。批判赞赏……

Object.prototype.equals = function(iObj) {
  if (this.constructor !== iObj.constructor)
    return false;
  var aMemberCount = 0;
  for (var a in this) {
    if (!this.hasOwnProperty(a))
      continue;
    if (typeof this[a] === 'object' && typeof iObj[a] === 'object' ? !this[a].equals(iObj[a]) : this[a] !== iObj[a])
      return false;
    ++aMemberCount;
  }
  for (var a in iObj)
    if (iObj.hasOwnProperty(a))
      --aMemberCount;
  return aMemberCount ? false : true;
}

我需要模拟jQuery POST请求,因此对我来说重要的是两个对象具有相同的属性集(任何一个对象中都不缺少属性),并且每个属性值都是“相等的”(根据这个定义)。我不关心对象是否有不匹配的方法。

这是我将使用的,它应该足以满足我的特定要求:

function PostRequest() {
    for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i += 2) {
        this[arguments[i]] = arguments[i+1];
    }

    var compare = function(u, v) {
        if (typeof(u) != typeof(v)) {
            return false;
        }

        var allkeys = {};
        for (var i in u) {
            allkeys[i] = 1;
        }
        for (var i in v) {
            allkeys[i] = 1;
        }
        for (var i in allkeys) {
            if (u.hasOwnProperty(i) != v.hasOwnProperty(i)) {
                if ((u.hasOwnProperty(i) && typeof(u[i]) == 'function') ||
                    (v.hasOwnProperty(i) && typeof(v[i]) == 'function')) {
                    continue;
                } else {
                    return false;
                }
            }
            if (typeof(u[i]) != typeof(v[i])) {
                return false;
            }
            if (typeof(u[i]) == 'object') {
                if (!compare(u[i], v[i])) {
                    return false;
                }
            } else {
                if (u[i] !== v[i]) {
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }

        return true;
    };

    this.equals = function(o) {
        return compare(this, o);
    };

    return this;
}

像这样使用:

foo = new PostRequest('text', 'hello', 'html', '<p>hello</p>');
foo.equals({ html: '<p>hello</p>', text: 'hello' });