如果您希望 regex 测试只会失败,如果整个序列相匹配,则下列内容将工作:

^(?!hede$).*

例如 - 如果你想允许除了“foo”以外的所有值(即“foofoo”,“barfoo”和“foobar”将通过,但“foo”将失败),请使用: ^(?!foo$)。

当然,如果你正在检查准确的平等,在这种情况下,一个更好的总体解决方案是检查序列平等,也就是说。

myStr !== 'foo'

您甚至可以将拒绝置于测试之外,如果您需要任何 regex 功能(这里,案例不敏感性和范围匹配):

!/^[a-f]oo$/i.test(myStr)

但是,这个答案的顶部的 regex 解决方案在需要积极的 regex 测试的情况下可能有用(可能是通过 API)。

TXR 语言支持 regex 拒绝。

$ txr -c '@(repeat)
@{nothede /~hede/}
@(do (put-line nothede))
@(end)'  Input

一个更复杂的例子:匹配所有从 a 开始和 z 结束的线条,但不包含底层的线条:

$ txr -c '@(repeat)
@{nothede /a.*z&~.*hede.*/}
@(do (put-line nothede))
@(end)' -
az         <- echoed
az
abcz       <- echoed
abcz
abhederz   <- not echoed; contains hede
ahedez     <- not echoed; contains hede
ace        <- not echoed; does not end in z
ahedz      <- echoed
ahedz

雷格克斯的拒绝本身并不特别有用,但当你也有交叉时,事情变得有趣,因为你有一个完整的布莱恩组操作:你可以表达“与此相匹配的组,除了与此相匹配的东西”。

# 一个简单的方式
import re
skip_word = 'hede'
stranger_char = '虩'
content = '''hoho
hihi
haha
hede'''
print(
    '\n'.join(re.findall(
        '([^{}]*?)\n'.format(stranger_char), 
        content.replace(skip_word, stranger_char)
    )).replace(stranger_char, skip_word) 
)

# hoho
# hihi
# haha

基准

我决定评估一些提交的选项,并比较其性能,以及使用一些新功能。

参考文本:

第一 7 行不应匹配,因为它们包含所搜索的表达式,而下 7 行应匹配!

Regex Hero is a real-time online Silverlight Regular Expression Tester.
XRegex Hero is a real-time online Silverlight Regular Expression Tester.
Regex HeroRegex HeroRegex HeroRegex HeroRegex Hero is a real-time online Silverlight Regular Expression Tester.
Regex Her Regex Her Regex Her Regex Her Regex Her Regex Her Regex Hero is a real-time online Silverlight Regular Expression Tester.
Regex Her is a real-time online Silverlight Regular Expression Tester.Regex Hero
egex Hero egex Hero egex Hero egex Hero egex Hero egex Hero Regex Hero is a real-time online Silverlight Regular Expression Tester.
RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRegex Hero is a real-time online Silverlight Regular Expression Tester.

Regex Her
egex Hero
egex Hero is a real-time online Silverlight Regular Expression Tester.
Regex Her is a real-time online Silverlight Regular Expression Tester.
Regex Her Regex Her Regex Her Regex Her Regex Her Regex Her is a real-time online Silverlight Regular Expression Tester.
Nobody is a real-time online Silverlight Regular Expression Tester.
Regex Her o egex Hero Regex  Hero Reg ex Hero is a real-time online Silverlight Regular Expression Tester.

结果:

结果是每秒以 3 轮的平均值 - 大数 = 更好

01: ^((?!Regex Hero).)*$                    3.914   // Accepted Answer
02: ^(?:(?!Regex Hero).)*$                  5.034   // With Non-Capturing group
03: ^(?!.*?Regex Hero).*                   7.356   // Lookahead at the beginning, if not found match everything
04: ^(?>[^R]+|R(?!egex Hero))*$             6.137   // Lookahead only on the right first letter
05: ^(?>(?:.*?Regex Hero)?)^.*$             7.426   // Match the word and check if you're still at linestart
06: ^(?(?=.*?Regex Hero)(?#fail)|.*)$       7.371   // Logic Branch: Find Regex Hero? match nothing, else anything

P1: ^(?(?=.*?Regex Hero)(*FAIL)|(*ACCEPT))  ?????   // Logic Branch in Perl - Quick FAIL
P2: .*?Regex Hero(*COMMIT)(*FAIL)|(*ACCEPT) ?????   // Direct COMMIT & FAIL in Perl

由于.NET 不支持操作 Verbs (*FAIL 等) 我无法测试 P1 和 P2 解决方案。

总结:

总的来说,最可读和最快的解决方案似乎是03与一个简单的负面视图,这也是JavaScript的最快的解决方案,因为JS不支持其他解决方案的更先进的Regex功能。

使用 ConyEdit,您可以使用命令行 cc.gl!/hede/ 获取不包含 regex 匹配的行,或者使用命令行 cc.dl /hede/ 删除包含 regex 匹配的行。

如果你想匹配一个字符,否认类似于否认字符类的单词:

例如,一条线:

<?
$str="aaa        bbb4      aaa     bbb7";
?>

不要使用:

<?
preg_match('/aaa[^bbb]+?bbb7/s', $str, $matches);
?>

使用:

<?
preg_match('/aaa(?:(?!bbb).)+?bbb7/s', $str, $matches);
?>

警告“(?!bbb.)”不是 lookbehind 或 lookahead,它是 lookcurrent,例如:

"(?=abc)abcde", "(?!abc)abcde"