Head Geek: BINGO! You got it totally - that's exactly what it's perfect for. In many embedded environments, external constraints and/or the overall use scenario forces the programmer to separate the allocation of an object from its initialization. Lumped together, C++ calls this "instantiation"; but whenever the constructor's action must be explicitly invoked WITHOUT dynamic or automatic allocation, placement new is the way to do it. It's also the perfect way to locate a global C++ object that is pinned to the address of a hardware component (memory-mapped I/O), or for any static object that, for whatever reason, must reside at a fixed address.

它被std::vector<>使用，因为std::vector<>通常分配比vector<>中的对象更多的内存。

如果你正在构建一个内核，它很有用——你把从磁盘或页表读取的内核代码放在哪里?你得知道该往哪里跳。

或者在其他非常罕见的情况下，比如当你有大量分配的空间，想要把几个结构放在彼此后面。它们可以这样打包，而不需要使用offset()操作符。不过，还有其他的技巧。

我也相信一些STL实现使用了新位置，比如std::vector。它们以这种方式为2^n个元素分配空间，而不需要总是realloc。

在序列化时(比如使用boost::serialization)，放置new也非常有用。在c++的10年里，这只是我第二次需要新职位的情况(如果你包括面试的话，这是第三次:))。

我认为任何答案都没有强调这一点，但新位置的另一个好例子和用法是减少内存碎片(通过使用内存池)。这在嵌入式和高可用性系统中特别有用。在最后一种情况下，这一点特别重要，因为对于一个必须运行24/365天的系统来说，没有碎片是非常重要的。此问题与内存泄漏无关。

Even when a very good malloc implementation is used (or similar memory management function) it's very difficult to deal with fragmentation for a long time. At some point if you don't manage cleverly the memory reservation/release calls you could end up with a lot of small gaps that are difficult to reuse (assign to new reservations). So, one of the solutions that are used in this case is to use a memory pool to allocate before hand the memory for the application objects. After-wards each time you need memory for some object you just use the new placement to create a new object on the already reserved memory.

这样，一旦应用程序启动，就已经预留了所需的所有内存。所有新的内存预留/释放都将分配到已分配的池中(您可能有几个池，每个池对应一个不同的对象类)。在这种情况下不会发生内存碎片，因为没有间隙，您的系统可以运行很长时间(数年)而不会出现内存碎片。

我在实践中看到过这种情况，特别是在VxWorks RTOS中，因为它的默认内存分配系统受到了很多碎片的影响。因此，通过标准的new/malloc方法分配内存在项目中基本上是被禁止的。所有的内存预留都应该到一个专用的内存池中。

The one place I've run across it is in containers which allocate a contiguous buffer and then fill it with objects as required. As mentioned, std::vector might do this, and I know some versions of MFC CArray and/or CList did this (because that's where I first ran across it). The buffer over-allocation method is a very useful optimization, and placement new is pretty much the only way to construct objects in that scenario. It is also used sometimes to construct objects in memory blocks allocated outside of your direct code.

我在类似的情况下使用过它，尽管它不经常出现。不过，它是c++工具箱中的一个有用工具。