我在WebKit HTML 5 SQL Storage Notes Demo的源代码中看到了以下内容:

function Note() {
  var self = this;

  var note = document.createElement('div');
  note.className = 'note';
  note.addEventListener('mousedown', function(e) { return self.onMouseDown(e) }, false);
  note.addEventListener('click', function() { return self.onNoteClick() }, false);
  this.note = note;
  // ...
}

作者在某些地方使用self(函数体),在其他地方使用this(在方法的参数列表中定义的函数体)。这是怎么呢现在我已经注意到它一次了,我将开始到处看到它吗?


当前回答

是的,到处都能看到。that = this;

看到self是如何在事件调用的函数中使用的吗?它们将有自己的上下文,因此self用于保存进入Note()的this。

尽管self只能在Note()函数完成执行之后执行,但函数仍然可以使用self的原因是,由于闭包,内部函数获得了外部函数的上下文。

其他回答

正如上面多次提到的,'self'只是用于在进入函数之前保持对'this'的引用。一旦在函数中,“this”指的是其他东西。

我认为变量名“self”不应该再这样使用了,因为现代浏览器提供了一个全局变量self,指向普通窗口或WebWorker的全局对象。

为了避免混淆和潜在的冲突,可以写成var this = this或var that = this。

function Person(firstname, lastname) {
  this.firstname = firstname;

  this.lastname = lastname;
  this.getfullname = function () {
    return `${this.firstname}   ${this.lastname}`;
  };

  let that = this;
  this.sayHi = function() {
    console.log(`i am this , ${this.firstname}`);
    console.log(`i am that , ${that.firstname}`);
  };
}

let thisss = new Person('thatbetty', 'thatzhao');

let thatt = {firstname: 'thisbetty', lastname: 'thiszhao'};

this.sayHi.call(thatt);

实际上self是一个对window (window.self)的引用,因此当你说var self = 'something'时,你重写了对它自己的窗口引用——因为self存在于window对象中。

这就是为什么大多数开发者更喜欢var that = This而不是var self = This;

无论如何;Var that = this;不符合良好的做法…假设您的代码稍后会被其他开发人员修改/修改,您应该使用与开发人员社区有关的最常见的编程标准

因此,你应该使用类似var oldThis / var oThis / etc -的东西来明确你的作用域// ..不是很多,但会节省几秒钟和几次大脑循环

It's a JavaScript quirk. When a function is a property of an object, more aptly called a method, this refers to the object. In the example of an event handler, the containing object is the element that triggered the event. When a standard function is invoked, this will refer to the global object. When you have nested functions as in your example, this does not relate to the context of the outer function at all. Inner functions do share scope with the containing function, so developers will use variations of var that = this in order to preserve the this they need in the inner function.