前段时间，我看到一个Mono应用程序的输出是彩色的，可能是因为它的日志系统(因为所有的消息都是标准化的)。
现在，Python有了日志记录模块，它允许您指定许多选项来定制输出。所以，我想象类似的事情可能与Python，但我不知道如何在任何地方做到这一点。
是否有办法使Python日志模块输出为彩色?
我想要的(例如)错误显示为红色，调试消息显示为蓝色或黄色，等等。
当然，这可能需要一个兼容的终端(大多数现代终端都是);但如果不支持颜色，我可以退回到原始的日志输出。
有什么想法，我可以得到彩色输出与日志模块?
当前回答
这是一个包含颜色代码的Enum:
class TerminalColour:
"""
Terminal colour formatting codes
"""
# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/287871/print-in-terminal-with-colors
MAGENTA = '\033[95m'
BLUE = '\033[94m'
GREEN = '\033[92m'
YELLOW = '\033[93m'
RED = '\033[91m'
GREY = '\033[0m' # normal
WHITE = '\033[1m' # bright white
UNDERLINE = '\033[4m'
这可以应用于每个日志级别的名称。请注意，这是一个可怕的黑客。
logging.addLevelName(logging.INFO, "{}{}{}".format(TerminalColour.WHITE, logging.getLevelName(logging.INFO), TerminalColour.GREY))
logging.addLevelName(logging.WARNING, "{}{}{}".format(TerminalColour.YELLOW, logging.getLevelName(logging.WARNING), TerminalColour.GREY))
logging.addLevelName(logging.ERROR, "{}{}{}".format(TerminalColour.RED, logging.getLevelName(logging.ERROR), TerminalColour.GREY))
logging.addLevelName(logging.CRITICAL, "{}{}{}".format(TerminalColour.MAGENTA, logging.getLevelName(logging.CRITICAL), .GREY))
注意，您的日志格式化程序必须包含日志级别的名称
%(levelname)
例如:
LOGGING = {
...
'verbose': {
'format': '%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(name)s:%(lineno)s %(module)s %(process)d %(thread)d %(message)s'
},
'simple': {
'format': '[%(asctime)s] %(levelname)s %(name)s %(message)s'
},
其他回答
我有两个提交要添加，其中一个只着色消息(ColoredFormatter)，另一个着色整行(ColorizingStreamHandler)。与以前的解决方案相比，这些方案还包括更多的ANSI颜色代码。
部分内容来源(经过修改): 上面的帖子，以及http://plumberjack.blogspot.com/2010/12/colorizing-logging-output-in-terminals.html。
只给信息上色:
class ColoredFormatter(logging.Formatter):
"""Special custom formatter for colorizing log messages!"""
BLACK = '\033[0;30m'
RED = '\033[0;31m'
GREEN = '\033[0;32m'
BROWN = '\033[0;33m'
BLUE = '\033[0;34m'
PURPLE = '\033[0;35m'
CYAN = '\033[0;36m'
GREY = '\033[0;37m'
DARK_GREY = '\033[1;30m'
LIGHT_RED = '\033[1;31m'
LIGHT_GREEN = '\033[1;32m'
YELLOW = '\033[1;33m'
LIGHT_BLUE = '\033[1;34m'
LIGHT_PURPLE = '\033[1;35m'
LIGHT_CYAN = '\033[1;36m'
WHITE = '\033[1;37m'
RESET = "\033[0m"
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
self._colors = {logging.DEBUG: self.DARK_GREY,
logging.INFO: self.RESET,
logging.WARNING: self.BROWN,
logging.ERROR: self.RED,
logging.CRITICAL: self.LIGHT_RED}
super(ColoredFormatter, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
def format(self, record):
"""Applies the color formats"""
record.msg = self._colors[record.levelno] + record.msg + self.RESET
return logging.Formatter.format(self, record)
def setLevelColor(self, logging_level, escaped_ansi_code):
self._colors[logging_level] = escaped_ansi_code
为整行上色:
class ColorizingStreamHandler(logging.StreamHandler):
BLACK = '\033[0;30m'
RED = '\033[0;31m'
GREEN = '\033[0;32m'
BROWN = '\033[0;33m'
BLUE = '\033[0;34m'
PURPLE = '\033[0;35m'
CYAN = '\033[0;36m'
GREY = '\033[0;37m'
DARK_GREY = '\033[1;30m'
LIGHT_RED = '\033[1;31m'
LIGHT_GREEN = '\033[1;32m'
YELLOW = '\033[1;33m'
LIGHT_BLUE = '\033[1;34m'
LIGHT_PURPLE = '\033[1;35m'
LIGHT_CYAN = '\033[1;36m'
WHITE = '\033[1;37m'
RESET = "\033[0m"
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
self._colors = {logging.DEBUG: self.DARK_GREY,
logging.INFO: self.RESET,
logging.WARNING: self.BROWN,
logging.ERROR: self.RED,
logging.CRITICAL: self.LIGHT_RED}
super(ColorizingStreamHandler, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
@property
def is_tty(self):
isatty = getattr(self.stream, 'isatty', None)
return isatty and isatty()
def emit(self, record):
try:
message = self.format(record)
stream = self.stream
if not self.is_tty:
stream.write(message)
else:
message = self._colors[record.levelno] + message + self.RESET
stream.write(message)
stream.write(getattr(self, 'terminator', '\n'))
self.flush()
except (KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit):
raise
except:
self.handleError(record)
def setLevelColor(self, logging_level, escaped_ansi_code):
self._colors[logging_level] = escaped_ansi_code
以下是我的解决方案:
class ColouredFormatter(logging.Formatter):
RESET = '\x1B[0m'
RED = '\x1B[31m'
YELLOW = '\x1B[33m'
BRGREEN = '\x1B[01;32m' # grey in solarized for terminals
def format(self, record, colour=False):
message = super().format(record)
if not colour:
return message
level_no = record.levelno
if level_no >= logging.CRITICAL:
colour = self.RED
elif level_no >= logging.ERROR:
colour = self.RED
elif level_no >= logging.WARNING:
colour = self.YELLOW
elif level_no >= logging.INFO:
colour = self.RESET
elif level_no >= logging.DEBUG:
colour = self.BRGREEN
else:
colour = self.RESET
message = colour + message + self.RESET
return message
class ColouredHandler(logging.StreamHandler):
def __init__(self, stream=sys.stdout):
super().__init__(stream)
def format(self, record, colour=False):
if not isinstance(self.formatter, ColouredFormatter):
self.formatter = ColouredFormatter()
return self.formatter.format(record, colour)
def emit(self, record):
stream = self.stream
try:
msg = self.format(record, stream.isatty())
stream.write(msg)
stream.write(self.terminator)
self.flush()
except Exception:
self.handleError(record)
h = ColouredHandler()
h.formatter = ColouredFormatter('{asctime} {levelname:8} {message}', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', '{')
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG, handlers=[h])
我已经创建了一个类，它将用您选择的任何颜色显示错误级别名称。大部分代码只是定义颜色模式，然后覆盖对象中的一些变量供日志库使用
class ColorLognameFormatter(logging.Formatter):
_level_str_len = 8
# Define the color codes
_reset_str = '\x1b[0m'
_grey_str = '\x1b[38;21m'
_blue_str = '\x1b[38;5;39m'
_yllw_str = '\x1b[38;5;226m'
_sred_str = '\x1b[38;5;196m'
_bred_str = '\x1b[31;1m'
# Make the basic strings
_debug_color_str = f"{_grey_str}DEBUG{_reset_str}".ljust(_level_str_len + len(_reset_str) + len(_grey_str), ' ')
_info_color_str = f"{_blue_str}INFO{_reset_str}".ljust(_level_str_len + len(_reset_str) + len(_blue_str), ' ')
_warn_color_str = f"{_yllw_str}WARNING{_reset_str}".ljust(_level_str_len + len(_reset_str) + len(_yllw_str), ' ')
_error_color_str = f"{_sred_str}ERROR{_reset_str}".ljust(_level_str_len + len(_reset_str) + len(_sred_str), ' ')
_crit_color_str = f"{_bred_str}CRITICAL{_reset_str}".ljust(_level_str_len + len(_reset_str) + len(_bred_str), ' ')
# Format into a dict
_color_levelname = {'DEBUG': _debug_color_str,
'INFO': _info_color_str,
'WARNING': _warn_color_str,
'ERROR': _error_color_str,
'CRITICAL': _error_color_str}
def __init__(self, fmt='%(levelname)s | %(message)s', *args, **kwargs):
super().__init__(fmt, *args, **kwargs)
def format(self, record):
# When calling format, replace the levelname with a colored version
# Note: the string size is greatly increased because of the color codes
record.levelname = self._color_levelname[record.levelname]
return super().format(record)
主要的变化是它将默认的fmt字符串设置为%(levelname)s | %(message)s，并在调用format之前替换levelname
用法:
from ColorLognameFormatter import ColorLognameFormatter
import logging
log_level = logging.INFO
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
logger.setLevel(log_level)
stdout_handler = logging.StreamHandler()
stdout_handler.setLevel(log_level)
stdout_handler.setFormatter(ColorLognameFormatter())
logger.addHandler(stdout_handler)
logger.propagate = False
logger.info("Test")
使用龙卷风库
Tornado web框架提供了一些实用程序，包括Tornado .log. logformatter格式化程序，它可以在没有框架其他部分的情况下使用。
对不支持ANSI颜色代码的Windows版本的颜色支持是通过使用colorama库启用的。希望使用它的应用程序必须首先调用colorama.init来初始化colorama。
import logging
import tornado.log
# import colorama # uncomment on some Windows versions
# colorama.init()
consoleHandler = logging.StreamHandler()
consoleHandler.setFormatter(tornado.log.LogFormatter())
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG, handlers=[consoleHandler])
logger = logging.getLogger("test")
logger.info("hello world")
有很多回复。但没有人谈论装修师。这是我的。
因为它要简单得多。
不需要导入任何东西，也不需要编写任何子类:
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import logging
NO_COLOR = "\33[m"
RED, GREEN, ORANGE, BLUE, PURPLE, LBLUE, GREY = \
map("\33[%dm".__mod__, range(31, 38))
logging.basicConfig(format="%(message)s", level=logging.DEBUG)
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
# the decorator to apply on the logger methods info, warn, ...
def add_color(logger_method, color):
def wrapper(message, *args, **kwargs):
return logger_method(
# the coloring is applied here.
color+message+NO_COLOR,
*args, **kwargs
)
return wrapper
for level, color in zip((
"info", "warn", "error", "debug"), (
GREEN, ORANGE, RED, BLUE
)):
setattr(logger, level, add_color(getattr(logger, level), color))
# this is displayed in red.
logger.error("Launching %s." % __file__)
这将错误设置为红色，调试消息设置为蓝色，等等。就像问题中问的那样。
我们甚至可以使用logger.debug("message"， color=GREY)使包装器接受一个颜色参数来动态设置消息的颜色。
编辑: 这里是在运行时设置颜色的修饰器:
def add_color(logger_method, _color):
def wrapper(message, *args, **kwargs):
color = kwargs.pop("color", _color)
if isinstance(color, int):
color = "\33[%dm" % color
return logger_method(
# the coloring is applied here.
color+message+NO_COLOR,
*args, **kwargs
)
return wrapper
# blah blah, apply the decorator...
# this is displayed in red.
logger.error("Launching %s." % __file__)
# this is displayed in blue
logger.error("Launching %s." % __file__, color=34)
# and this, in grey
logger.error("Launching %s." % __file__, color=GREY)
