这里有一个简单的答案，基本上只有一行代码。

var value = 35 // the numerical value
var x = 5 // the minimum length of the string

var padded = ("00000" + value).substr(-x);

确保你填充的字符数量，这里的0，至少和你预期的最小长度一样多。因此，实际上，把它放在一行中，在这种情况下，得到“00035”的结果是:

var padded = ("00000" + 35).substr(-5);

ECMAScript 2017 (ES8)增加了字符串。padStart(连同String.padEnd)来实现这个目的:

"Jonas".padStart(10); // Default pad string is a space
"42".padStart(6, "0"); // Pad with "0"
"*".padStart(8, "-/|\\"); // produces '-/|\\-/|*'

如果没有出现在JavaScript主机中，则字符串。padStart可以作为polyfill添加。

ES8的

我在这里找到了这个解，对我来说简单得多:

var n = 123

String("00000" + n).slice(-5); // returns 00123
("00000" + n).slice(-5); // returns 00123
("     " + n).slice(-5); // returns "  123" (with two spaces)

这里我对string对象做了一个扩展:

String.prototype.paddingLeft = function (paddingValue) {
   return String(paddingValue + this).slice(-paddingValue.length);
};

使用它的例子:

function getFormattedTime(date) {
  var hours = date.getHours();
  var minutes = date.getMinutes();

  hours = hours.toString().paddingLeft("00");
  minutes = minutes.toString().paddingLeft("00");

  return "{0}:{1}".format(hours, minutes);
};

String.prototype.format = function () {
    var args = arguments;
    return this.replace(/{(\d+)}/g, function (match, number) {
        return typeof args[number] != 'undefined' ? args[number] : match;
    });
};

这将返回格式为“15:30”的时间。

像PHP:

const STR_PAD_RIGHT = 1;
const STR_PAD_LEFT = 0;
const STR_PAD_BOTH = 2;

/**
 * @see http://php.net/str_pad
 * @param mixed input 
 * @param integer length 
 * @param string string 
 * @param integer type 
 * @return string
 */
function str_pad(input, length, string, type) {
    if (type === undefined || (type !== STR_PAD_LEFT && type !== STR_PAD_BOTH)) {
        type = STR_PAD_RIGHT
    }

    if (input.toString().length >= length) {
         return input;
    } else {
        if (type === STR_PAD_BOTH) {
            input = (string + input + string);
        } else if (type == STR_PAD_LEFT) {
            input = (string + input);
        } else {
            input = (input + string);
        }

        return str_pad(input.toString(), length, string, type);
    }
}

使用ECMAScript 6方法String#repeat和Arrow函数，一个pad函数就像这样简单:

var leftPad = (s, c, n) => c.repeat(n - s.length) + s;
leftPad("foo", "0", 5); //returns "00foo"

斯菲德尔

编辑: 评论中的建议:

const leftPad = (s, c, n) => n - s.length > 0 ? c.repeat(n - s.length) + s : s;

这样，当s.lengthis大于n时，它就不会抛出错误

edit2: 评论中的建议:

const leftPad = (s, c, n) =>{ s = s.toString(); c = c.toString(); return s.length > n ? s : c.repeat(n - s.length) + s; }

通过这种方式，可以将该函数用于字符串和非字符串。

/**************************************************************************************************
Pad a string to pad_length fillig it with pad_char.
By default the function performs a left pad, unless pad_right is set to true.

If the value of pad_length is negative, less than, or equal to the length of the input string, no padding takes place.
**************************************************************************************************/
if(!String.prototype.pad)
String.prototype.pad = function(pad_char, pad_length, pad_right) 
{
   var result = this;
   if( (typeof pad_char === 'string') && (pad_char.length === 1) && (pad_length > this.length) )
   {
      var padding = new Array(pad_length - this.length + 1).join(pad_char); //thanks to http://stackoverflow.com/questions/202605/repeat-string-javascript/2433358#2433358
      result = (pad_right ? result + padding : padding + result);
   }
   return result;
}

然后你可以这样做:

alert( "3".pad("0", 3) ); //shows "003"
alert( "hi".pad(" ", 3) ); //shows " hi"
alert( "hi".pad(" ", 3, true) ); //shows "hi "

有点晚了，但我还是想分享一下。我发现向Object添加一个原型扩展很有用。这样我就可以填充数字和字符串，向左或向右。我有一个模块与类似的实用程序，我包括在我的脚本。

// include the module in your script, there is no need to export
var jsAddOns = require('<path to module>/jsAddOns');

~~~~~~~~~~~~ jsAddOns.js ~~~~~~~~~~~~

/* 
 * method prototype for any Object to pad it's toString()
 * representation with additional characters to the specified length
 *
 * @param padToLength required int
 *     entire length of padded string (original + padding)
 * @param padChar optional char
 *     character to use for padding, default is white space
 * @param padLeft optional boolean
 *     if true padding added to left
 *     if omitted or false, padding added to right
 *
 * @return padded string or
 *     original string if length is >= padToLength
 */
Object.prototype.pad = function(padToLength, padChar, padLeft) {    

    // get the string value
    s = this.toString()

    // default padToLength to 0
    // if omitted, original string is returned
    padToLength = padToLength || 0;

    // default padChar to empty space
    padChar = padChar || ' ';


    // ignore padding if string too long
    if (s.length >= padToLength) {
        return s;
    }

    // create the pad of appropriate length
    var pad = Array(padToLength - s.length).join(padChar);

    // add pad to right or left side
    if (padLeft) {
        return pad  + s;        
    } else {
        return s + pad;
    }
};