我在我的代码中有这个try块:
try:
do_something_that_might_raise_an_exception()
except ValueError as err:
errmsg = 'My custom error message.'
raise ValueError(errmsg)
严格地说，我实际上引发了另一个ValueError，而不是do_something…()抛出的ValueError，在这种情况下被称为err。如何将自定义消息附加到错误?我尝试以下代码，但失败，由于错误，ValueError实例，不可调用:
try:
do_something_that_might_raise_an_exception()
except ValueError as err:
errmsg = 'My custom error message.'
raise err(errmsg)
当前回答
上面的解决方案都没有完全满足我的要求，即在错误消息的第一部分添加一些信息，即我希望我的用户首先看到我的自定义消息。
这招对我很管用:
exception_raised = False
try:
do_something_that_might_raise_an_exception()
except ValueError as e:
message = str(e)
exception_raised = True
if exception_raised:
message_to_prepend = "Custom text"
raise ValueError(message_to_prepend + message)
其他回答
试试下面:
try:
raise ValueError("Original message. ")
except Exception as err:
message = 'My custom error message. '
# Change the order below to "(message + str(err),)" if custom message is needed first.
err.args = (str(err) + message,)
raise
输出:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError Traceback (most recent call last)
1 try:
----> 2 raise ValueError("Original message")
3 except Exception as err:
4 message = 'My custom error message.'
5 err.args = (str(err) + ". " + message,)
ValueError: Original message. My custom error message.
这是我在Python 2.7和3中用来修改异常消息的函数。X，同时保留原始的回溯。需要6个
def reraise_modify(caught_exc, append_msg, prepend=False):
"""Append message to exception while preserving attributes.
Preserves exception class, and exception traceback.
Note:
This function needs to be called inside an except because
`sys.exc_info()` requires the exception context.
Args:
caught_exc(Exception): The caught exception object
append_msg(str): The message to append to the caught exception
prepend(bool): If True prepend the message to args instead of appending
Returns:
None
Side Effects:
Re-raises the exception with the preserved data / trace but
modified message
"""
ExceptClass = type(caught_exc)
# Keep old traceback
traceback = sys.exc_info()[2]
if not caught_exc.args:
# If no args, create our own tuple
arg_list = [append_msg]
else:
# Take the last arg
# If it is a string
# append your message.
# Otherwise append it to the
# arg list(Not as pretty)
arg_list = list(caught_exc.args[:-1])
last_arg = caught_exc.args[-1]
if isinstance(last_arg, str):
if prepend:
arg_list.append(append_msg + last_arg)
else:
arg_list.append(last_arg + append_msg)
else:
arg_list += [last_arg, append_msg]
caught_exc.args = tuple(arg_list)
six.reraise(ExceptClass,
caught_exc,
traceback)
我尝试了这个精简版的@RobinL，效果很好:
try:
do_something_that_might_raise_an_exception()
except ValueError as e:
raise ValueError(f'Custom text {e}')
上面的解决方案都没有完全满足我的要求，即在错误消息的第一部分添加一些信息，即我希望我的用户首先看到我的自定义消息。
这招对我很管用:
exception_raised = False
try:
do_something_that_might_raise_an_exception()
except ValueError as e:
message = str(e)
exception_raised = True
if exception_raised:
message_to_prepend = "Custom text"
raise ValueError(message_to_prepend + message)
更新:对于Python 3，检查Ben的答案
将一条消息附加到当前异常并重新引发: (外面的try/except只是为了展示效果)
对于python 2。其中X >=6:
try:
try:
raise ValueError # something bad...
except ValueError as err:
err.message=err.message+" hello"
raise # re-raise current exception
except ValueError as e:
print(" got error of type "+ str(type(e))+" with message " +e.message)
如果err是从ValueError派生的，这也会做正确的事情。例如UnicodeDecodeError。
请注意，您可以添加任何您喜欢的错误。例如err.problematic_array=[1,2,3]。
编辑:@Ducan在注释中指出，上述内容不适用于python 3，因为.message不是ValueError的成员。相反，你可以使用这个(有效的python 2.6或更高版本或3.x):
try:
try:
raise ValueError
except ValueError as err:
if not err.args:
err.args=('',)
err.args = err.args + ("hello",)
raise
except ValueError as e:
print(" error was "+ str(type(e))+str(e.args))
Edit2:
根据目的，您还可以选择在自己的变量名下添加额外的信息。对于python2和python3:
try:
try:
raise ValueError
except ValueError as err:
err.extra_info = "hello"
raise
except ValueError as e:
print(" error was "+ str(type(e))+str(e))
if 'extra_info' in dir(e):
print e.extra_info
