我试图设置一个HttpClient对象的Content-Type头作为我调用的API所要求的。

我试着像下面这样设置内容类型:

using (var httpClient = new HttpClient())
{
    httpClient.BaseAddress = new Uri("http://example.com/");
    httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Accept", "application/json");
    httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Content-Type", "application/json");
    // ...
}

它允许我添加Accept头,但当我尝试添加Content-Type时,它会抛出以下异常:

误用头名称。确保请求头与一起使用 HttpRequestMessage,带有HttpResponseMessage的响应头,以及 内容头与HttpContent对象。

如何在HttpClient请求中设置内容类型报头?


当前回答

如果你不介意一个小的库依赖,Flurl。Http[披露:我是作者]使这个超级简单。它的PostJsonAsync方法负责序列化内容和设置内容类型报头,而ReceiveJson则反序列化响应。如果accept头是必需的,你需要自己设置,但Flurl提供了一个非常干净的方式来做到这一点:

using Flurl.Http;

var result = await "http://example.com/"
    .WithHeader("Accept", "application/json")
    .PostJsonAsync(new { ... })
    .ReceiveJson<TResult>();

Flurl使用HttpClient和Json。它是一个PCL,所以它可以在各种平台上工作。

PM> Install-Package Flurl.Http

其他回答

var content = new JsonContent();
content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json");
content.Headers.ContentType.Parameters.Add(new NameValueHeaderValue("charset", "utf-8"));
content.Headers.ContentType.Parameters.Add(new NameValueHeaderValue("IEEE754Compatible", "true"));

这就是你所需要的。

使用Newtonsoft。Json,如果你需要一个内容为Json字符串。

public class JsonContent : HttpContent
   {
    private readonly MemoryStream _stream = new MemoryStream();
    ~JsonContent()
    {
        _stream.Dispose();
    }

    public JsonContent(object value)
    {
        Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json");
        using (var contexStream = new MemoryStream())
        using (var jw = new JsonTextWriter(new StreamWriter(contexStream)) { Formatting = Formatting.Indented })
        {
            var serializer = new JsonSerializer();
            serializer.Serialize(jw, value);
            jw.Flush();
            contexStream.Position = 0;
            contexStream.WriteTo(_stream);
        }
        _stream.Position = 0;

    }

    private JsonContent(string content)
    {
        Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/json");
        using (var contexStream = new MemoryStream())
        using (var sw = new StreamWriter(contexStream))
        {
            sw.Write(content);
            sw.Flush();
            contexStream.Position = 0;
            contexStream.WriteTo(_stream);
        }
        _stream.Position = 0;
    }

    protected override Task SerializeToStreamAsync(Stream stream, TransportContext context)
    {
        return _stream.CopyToAsync(stream);
    }

    protected override bool TryComputeLength(out long length)
    {
        length = _stream.Length;
        return true;
    }

    public static HttpContent FromFile(string filepath)
    {
        var content = File.ReadAllText(filepath);
        return new JsonContent(content);
    }
    public string ToJsonString()
    {
        return Encoding.ASCII.GetString(_stream.GetBuffer(), 0, _stream.GetBuffer().Length).Trim();
    }
}

如果你不介意一个小的库依赖,Flurl。Http[披露:我是作者]使这个超级简单。它的PostJsonAsync方法负责序列化内容和设置内容类型报头,而ReceiveJson则反序列化响应。如果accept头是必需的,你需要自己设置,但Flurl提供了一个非常干净的方式来做到这一点:

using Flurl.Http;

var result = await "http://example.com/"
    .WithHeader("Accept", "application/json")
    .PostJsonAsync(new { ... })
    .ReceiveJson<TResult>();

Flurl使用HttpClient和Json。它是一个PCL,所以它可以在各种平台上工作。

PM> Install-Package Flurl.Http

对于那些想要专门将Content-Type设置为Json的人,你可以使用扩展方法PostAsJsonAsync。

using System.Net.Http.Json; //this is needed for PostAsJsonAsync to work
//....
HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
HttpResponseMessage response = await
    client.PostAsJsonAsync("http://example.com/" + "relativeAddress",
                new
                {
                    name = "John Doe",
                    age = 33
                });
//Do what you need to do with your response

这样做的好处是代码更简洁,并且可以避免字符串化的json。更多详情请访问:https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/aspnet/hh944339(v=vs.118)

Api返回

"不支持的媒体类型","状态":415

添加ContentType到jsonstring做了魔法,这是我的脚本工作100%到今天为止

    using (var client = new HttpClient())
            {
                   var endpoint = "api/endpoint;
                    var userName = "xxxxxxxxxx";
                    var passwd = "xxxxxxxxxx";
                    var content = new StringContent(jsonString, Encoding.UTF8, "application/json");

                    var authToken = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes($"{userName}:{passwd}");

                client.BaseAddress = new Uri("https://example.com/");

                client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization = new AuthenticationHeaderValue("Basic", Convert.ToBase64String(authToken));
            
                HttpResponseMessage response = await client.PostAsync(endpoint, content);

                if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
                {
                    // Get the URI of the created resource.
                    Uri returnUrl = response.Headers.Location;
                    Console.WriteLine(returnUrl);
                }
                string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
                return responseBody;
        }

对于那些没有看到约翰对卡洛斯解决方案的评论…

req.Content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/octet-stream");