除了azizbekian的回答，让我指出两件事:

如果左/右都不行，试着这样开始/结束:

参数个数。startToEnd = button2.id

如果你想移除一个约束，使用UNSET标志，像这样:

参数个数。startToEnd = ConstraintLayout.LayoutParams.UNSET

你也可以使用TransitionManager来动画化这些变化:

public static void animateConstraintLayout(ConstraintLayout constraintLayout, ConstraintSet set, long duration) {
    AutoTransition trans = new AutoTransition();
    trans.setDuration(duration);
    trans.setInterpolator(new AccelerateDecelerateInterpolator());

    TransitionManager.beginDelayedTransition(constraintLayout, trans);
    set.applyTo(constraintLayout);
}

你可以在用ConstraintSet更新布局后这样调用它:

ConstraintSet set = new ConstraintSet();
set.clone(constraintLayout);
set.connect(R.id.example, ConstraintSet.BOTTOM, R.id.anotherExample, ConstraintSet.BOTTOM);
set.connect(R.id.example, ConstraintSet.TOP, R.id.anotherExample, ConstraintSet.TOP);

animateConstraintLayout(constraintLayout, set, 500);

To set constraints of image view to: app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="@+id/check_answer1" app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/check_answer1" use: ConstraintLayout constraintLayout = findViewById(R.id.parent_layout); ConstraintSet constraintSet = new ConstraintSet(); constraintSet.clone(constraintLayout); constraintSet.connect(R.id.imageView,ConstraintSet.RIGHT,R.id.check_answer1,ConstraintSet.RIGHT,0); constraintSet.connect(R.id.imageView,ConstraintSet.TOP,R.id.check_answer1,ConstraintSet.TOP,0); constraintSet.applyTo(constraintLayout); To set constraints of image view to: app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="@+id/check_answer2" app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/check_answer2" use: ConstraintLayout constraintLayout = findViewById(R.id.parent_layout); ConstraintSet constraintSet = new ConstraintSet(); constraintSet.clone(constraintLayout); constraintSet.connect(R.id.imageView,ConstraintSet.RIGHT,R.id.check_answer2,ConstraintSet.RIGHT,0); constraintSet.connect(R.id.imageView,ConstraintSet.TOP,R.id.check_answer2,ConstraintSet.TOP,0); constraintSet.applyTo(constraintLayout);

你可以用ConstraintSet或ConstraintLayout在ConstraintLayout中创建约束。LayoutParams属性。

为了方便使用，我创建了一个ConstraintSet kotlin扩展。 这是简单而健壮的。

使用

 applyConstraint {
            centerHorizontallyParent(imageView)
            centerHorizontallyParent(textView)
            topToParent(imageView, px(12))
            topToBottom(textView, imageView, px(4))
        }

Code

fun ConstraintLayout.applyConstraint(block: ConstraintSet.() -> Unit) {
    ConstraintSet().apply {
        clone(this@applyConstraint)
        block(this)
    }.applyTo(this)
}

fun ConstraintSet.centerParent(v1: View) {
    centerHorizontallyParent(v1)
    centerVerticallyParent(v1)
}

fun ConstraintSet.centerHorizontallyParent(v1: View) {
    centerHorizontally(v1.id, PARENT_ID)
}

fun ConstraintSet.centerVerticallyParent(v1: View) {
    centerVertically(v1.id, PARENT_ID)
}

fun ConstraintSet.topToTop(v1: View, v2: View, @Px margin: Int = 0) {
    connect(v1.id, TOP, v2.id, TOP, margin)
}

fun ConstraintSet.topToParent(v1: View, @Px margin: Int = 0) {
    connect(v1.id, TOP, PARENT_ID, TOP, margin)
}

fun ConstraintSet.bottomToBottom(v1: View, v2: View, @Px margin: Int = 0) {
    connect(v1.id, BOTTOM, v2.id, BOTTOM, margin)
}

fun ConstraintSet.bottomToParent(v1: View, @Px margin: Int = 0) {
    connect(v1.id, BOTTOM, PARENT_ID, BOTTOM, margin)
}

fun ConstraintSet.topToBottom(v1: View, v2: View, @Px margin: Int = 0) {
    connect(v1.id, TOP, v2.id, BOTTOM, margin)
}

fun ConstraintSet.bottomToTop(v1: View, v2: View, @Px margin: Int = 0) {
    connect(v1.id, BOTTOM, v2.id, TOP, margin)
}

fun ConstraintSet.startToStart(v1: View, v2: View, @Px margin: Int = 0) {
    connect(v1.id, START, v2.id, START, margin)
}

fun ConstraintSet.startToParent(v1: View, @Px margin: Int = 0) {
    connect(v1.id, START, PARENT_ID, START, margin)
}

fun ConstraintSet.endToEnd(v1: View, v2: View, @Px margin: Int = 0) {
    connect(v1.id, END, v2.id, END, margin)
}

fun ConstraintSet.endToParent(v1: View, @Px margin: Int = 0) {
    connect(v1.id, END, PARENT_ID, END, margin)
}

fun ConstraintSet.startToEnd(v1: View, v2: View, @Px margin: Int = 0) {
    connect(v1.id, START, v2.id, END, margin)
}

fun ConstraintSet.endToStart(v1: View, v2: View, @Px margin: Int = 0) {
    connect(v1.id, END, v2.id, START, margin)
}

我知道我的回答很晚了，但我相信它会帮助到其他经常来这里的人。 这篇文章不是我写的，但我做了一些修改，也就是说，你应该努力在这里查看完整的文章

约束集

在Java代码中使用约束集的关键是ConstraintSet类。这个类包含一系列的方法，这些方法允许执行诸如创建、配置和将约束应用到ConstraintLayout实例等任务。此外，ConstraintLayout实例的当前约束可以被复制到ConstraintSet对象中，并用于将相同的约束应用到其他布局(修改或不修改)。

ConstraintSet实例的创建就像其他Java对象一样:

ConstraintSet set = new ConstraintSet();

一旦创建了约束集，就可以在实例上调用方法来执行广泛的任务。 下面的代码配置了一个约束集，其中Button视图的左侧连接到EditText视图的右侧，边界为70dp:

set.connect(button1.getId(), ConstraintSet.LEFT, 
        editText1.getId(), ConstraintSet.RIGHT, 70);

将约束应用到布局中 一旦配置了约束集，它必须在ConstraintLayout实例生效之前应用到它。约束集是通过调用applyTo()方法来应用的，传递一个对要应用设置的布局对象的引用:

set.applyTo(myLayout);

还有很多东西你可以用ConstraintSet API，设置水平和垂直偏差，水平和垂直中心，操作链和更多。

读得真不错。

再说一次，这只是一种适应。

另一种方法是像这样更新视图的布局参数(不请求layout):

yourView.updateLayoutParams<ConstraintLayout.LayoutParams> {
        startToEnd = targetView.id
        topToTop = targetView.id
        bottomToBottom = targetView.id
        //add other constraints if needed
      }