/*------------------------------------------------------------------ 
 Defining Stack Operations using Closures in Javascript, privacy and
 state of stack operations are maintained

 @author:Arijt Basu
 Log: Sun Dec 27, 2015, 3:25PM
 ------------------------------------------------------------------- 
 */
var stackControl = true;
var stack = (function(array) {
        array = [];
        //--Define the max size of the stack
        var MAX_SIZE = 5;

        function isEmpty() {
            if (array.length < 1) console.log("Stack is empty");
        };
        isEmpty();

        return {

            push: function(ele) {
                if (array.length < MAX_SIZE) {
                    array.push(ele)
                    return array;
                } else {
                    console.log("Stack Overflow")
                }
            },
            pop: function() {
                if (array.length > 1) {
                    array.pop();
                    return array;
                } else {
                    console.log("Stack Underflow");
                }
            }

        }
    })()
    // var list = 5;
    // console.log(stack(list))
if (stackControl) {
    console.log(stack.pop());
    console.log(stack.push(3));
    console.log(stack.push(2));
    console.log(stack.pop());
    console.log(stack.push(1));
    console.log(stack.pop());
    console.log(stack.push(38));
    console.log(stack.push(22));
    console.log(stack.pop());
    console.log(stack.pop());
    console.log(stack.push(6));
    console.log(stack.pop());
}
//End of STACK Logic

/* Defining Queue operations*/

var queue = (function(array) {
    array = [];
    var reversearray;
    //--Define the max size of the stack
    var MAX_SIZE = 5;

    function isEmpty() {
        if (array.length < 1) console.log("Queue is empty");
    };
    isEmpty();

    return {
        insert: function(ele) {
            if (array.length < MAX_SIZE) {
                array.push(ele)
                reversearray = array.reverse();
                return reversearray;
            } else {
                console.log("Queue Overflow")
            }
        },
        delete: function() {
            if (array.length > 1) {
                //reversearray = array.reverse();
                array.pop();
                return array;
            } else {
                console.log("Queue Underflow");
            }
        }
    }



})()

console.log(queue.insert(5))
console.log(queue.insert(3))
console.log(queue.delete(3))

你可以使用WeakMaps来实现ES6类中的私有属性，以及JavaScript语言中String属性和方法的好处，如下所示:

const _items = new WeakMap();

class Stack {
  constructor() {
    _items.set(this, []);
  }

push(obj) {
  _items.get(this).push(obj);
}

pop() {
  const L = _items.get(this).length;
  if(L===0)
    throw new Error('Stack is empty');
  return _items.get(this).pop();
}

peek() {
  const items = _items.get(this);
  if(items.length === 0)
    throw new Error ('Stack is empty');
  return items[items.length-1];
}

get count() {
  return _items.get(this).length;
}
}

const stack = new Stack();

//now in console:
//stack.push('a')
//stack.push(1)
//stack.count   => 2
//stack.peek()  => 1
//stack.pop()   => 1
//stack.pop()   => "a"
//stack.count   => 0
//stack.pop()   => Error Stack is empty

下面是一个相当简单的队列实现，有两个目标:

与array.shift()不同，您知道这个出队列方法需要常数时间(O(1))。 为了提高速度，这种方法使用的分配比链表方法少得多。

堆栈实现只共享第二个目标。

// Queue
function Queue() {
        this.q = new Array(5);
        this.first = 0;
        this.size = 0;
}
Queue.prototype.enqueue = function(a) {
        var other;
        if (this.size == this.q.length) {
                other = new Array(this.size*2);
                for (var i = 0; i < this.size; i++) {
                        other[i] = this.q[(this.first+i)%this.size];
                }
                this.first = 0;
                this.q = other;
        }
        this.q[(this.first+this.size)%this.q.length] = a;
        this.size++;
};
Queue.prototype.dequeue = function() {
        if (this.size == 0) return undefined;
        this.size--;
        var ret = this.q[this.first];
        this.first = (this.first+1)%this.q.length;
        return ret;
};
Queue.prototype.peek = function() { return this.size > 0 ? this.q[this.first] : undefined; };
Queue.prototype.isEmpty = function() { return this.size == 0; };

// Stack
function Stack() {
        this.s = new Array(5);
        this.size = 0;
}
Stack.prototype.push = function(a) {
        var other;
    if (this.size == this.s.length) {
            other = new Array(this.s.length*2);
            for (var i = 0; i < this.s.length; i++) other[i] = this.s[i];
            this.s = other;
    }
    this.s[this.size++] = a;
};
Stack.prototype.pop = function() {
        if (this.size == 0) return undefined;
        return this.s[--this.size];
};
Stack.prototype.peek = function() { return this.size > 0 ? this.s[this.size-1] : undefined; };

var stack = [];
stack.push(2);       // stack is now [2]
stack.push(5);       // stack is now [2, 5]
var i = stack.pop(); // stack is now [2]
alert(i);            // displays 5

var queue = [];
queue.push(2);         // queue is now [2]
queue.push(5);         // queue is now [2, 5]
var i = queue.shift(); // queue is now [5]
alert(i);              // displays 2

摘自“9个你可能不知道的JavaScript技巧”

正如其他答案中解释的那样，堆栈实现是微不足道的。

然而，我在这个线程中没有找到任何满意的答案，所以我自己做了一个队列。

在这个线程中有三种类型的解决方案:

数组——在大型数组上使用array.shift()是最糟糕的解决方案，效率非常低。 链表——它是O(1)，但是为每个元素使用一个对象有点过分，特别是如果它们很多而且它们很小，比如存储数字。 延迟移位数组——它包括将索引与数组关联。当一个元素退出队列时，索引向前移动。当索引到达数组的中间时，数组被切成两半以删除前一半。

在我看来，延迟移位数组是最令人满意的解决方案，但它们仍然将所有内容存储在一个大的连续数组中，这可能会有问题，并且当数组被切片时，应用程序将错开。

我使用小数组的链表(每个最多1000个元素)实现。这些数组的行为类似于延迟移位数组，只是它们从未被切片:当数组中的每个元素都被移除时，该数组将被简单地丢弃。

这个包在npm上，具有基本的FIFO功能，我最近刚刚推送了它。代码分为两部分。

这是第一部分

/** Queue contains a linked list of Subqueue */
class Subqueue <T> {
  public full() {
    return this.array.length >= 1000;
  }

  public get size() {
    return this.array.length - this.index;
  }

  public peek(): T {
    return this.array[this.index];
  }

  public last(): T {
    return this.array[this.array.length-1];
  }

  public dequeue(): T {
    return this.array[this.index++];
  }

  public enqueue(elem: T) {
    this.array.push(elem);
  }

  private index: number = 0;
  private array: T [] = [];

  public next: Subqueue<T> = null;
}

这里是Queue的主类:

class Queue<T> {
  get length() {
    return this._size;
  }

  public push(...elems: T[]) {
    for (let elem of elems) {
      if (this.bottom.full()) {
        this.bottom = this.bottom.next = new Subqueue<T>();
      }
      this.bottom.enqueue(elem);
    }

    this._size += elems.length;
  }

  public shift(): T {
    if (this._size === 0) {
      return undefined;
    }

    const val = this.top.dequeue();
    this._size--;
    if (this._size > 0 && this.top.size === 0 && this.top.full()) {
      // Discard current subqueue and point top to the one after
      this.top = this.top.next;
    }
    return val;
  }

  public peek(): T {
    return this.top.peek();
  }

  public last(): T {
    return this.bottom.last();
  }

  public clear() {
    this.bottom = this.top = new Subqueue();
    this._size = 0;
  }

  private top: Subqueue<T> = new Subqueue();
  private bottom: Subqueue<T> = this.top;
  private _size: number = 0;
}

类型注释(:X)可以很容易地删除，以获得ES6 javascript代码。

数组。

栈:

var stack = [];

//put value on top of stack
stack.push(1);

//remove value from top of stack
var value = stack.pop();

队列:

var queue = [];

//put value on end of queue
queue.push(1);

//Take first value from queue
var value = queue.shift();