仅使用POSIX的内置:

#!/usr/bin/env sh
path=this.path/with.dots/in.path.name/filename.tar.gz

# Get the basedir without external command
# by stripping out shortest trailing match of / followed by anything
dirname=${path%/*}

# Get the basename without external command
# by stripping out longest leading match of anything followed by /
basename=${path##*/}

# Strip uptmost trailing extension only
# by stripping out shortest trailing match of dot followed by anything
oneextless=${basename%.*}; echo "$oneextless" 

# Strip all extensions
# by stripping out longest trailing match of dot followed by anything
noext=${basename%%.*}; echo "$noext"

# Printout demo
printf %s\\n "$path" "$dirname" "$basename" "$oneextless" "$noext"

打印输出的演示:

this.path/with.dots/in.path.name/filename.tar.gz
this.path/with.dots/in.path.name
filename.tar.gz
filename.tar
filename

file1=/tmp/main.one.two.sh
t=$(basename "$file1")                        # output is main.one.two.sh
name=$(echo "$file1" | sed -e 's/\.[^.]*$//') # output is /tmp/main.one.two
name=$(echo "$t" | sed -e 's/\.[^.]*$//')     # output is main.one.two

你想用哪个就用哪个。这里我假设是最后一个。(点)后面跟着文本是扩展。

如果你的文件名包含一个点(除了扩展名)，那么使用这个:

echo $filename | rev | cut -f 2- -d '.' | rev

正如Hawker65在chepner answer的评论中指出的那样，投票最多的解决方案既不关心多个扩展名(如filename.tar.gz)，也不关心路径其余部分的点(如this.path/with.dots/in.path.name)。 一个可能的解决方案是:

a=this.path/with.dots/in.path.name/filename.tar.gz
echo $(dirname $a)/$(basename $a | cut -d. -f1)

如果知道扩展名，可以使用basename

$ basename /home/jsmith/base.wiki .wiki
base

#!/bin/bash
file=/tmp/foo.bar.gz
echo $file ${file%.*}

输出:

/tmp/foo.bar.gz /tmp/foo.bar

注意，只有最后一个扩展被删除。