下面是如何使用IOStreams库中的解析和格式化aspect将int附加到字符串的实现。

#include <iostream>
#include <locale>
#include <string>

template <class Facet>
struct erasable_facet : Facet
{
    erasable_facet() : Facet(1) { }
    ~erasable_facet() { }
};

void append_int(std::string& s, int n)
{
    erasable_facet<std::num_put<char,
                                std::back_insert_iterator<std::string>>> facet;
    std::ios str(nullptr);

    facet.put(std::back_inserter(s), str,
                                     str.fill(), static_cast<unsigned long>(n));
}

int main()
{
    std::string str = "ID: ";
    int id = 123;

    append_int(str, id);

    std::cout << str; // ID: 123
}

常见答案:itoa()

这很糟糕。正如这里指出的，Itoa是非标准的。

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>

std::ostringstream o;
o << name << age;
std::cout << o.str();

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
using namespace std;
string itos(int i) // convert int to string
{
    stringstream s;
    s << i;
    return s.str();
}

无耻地从http://www.research.att.com/~bs/bs_faq2.html窃取。

按字母顺序排列:

std::string name = "John";
int age = 21;
std::string result;

// 1. with Boost
result = name + boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(age);

// 2. with C++11
result = name + std::to_string(age);

// 3. with FastFormat.Format
fastformat::fmt(result, "{0}{1}", name, age);

// 4. with FastFormat.Write
fastformat::write(result, name, age);

// 5. with the {fmt} library
result = fmt::format("{}{}", name, age);

// 6. with IOStreams
std::stringstream sstm;
sstm << name << age;
result = sstm.str();

// 7. with itoa
char numstr[21]; // enough to hold all numbers up to 64-bits
result = name + itoa(age, numstr, 10);

// 8. with sprintf
char numstr[21]; // enough to hold all numbers up to 64-bits
sprintf(numstr, "%d", age);
result = name + numstr;

// 9. with STLSoft's integer_to_string
char numstr[21]; // enough to hold all numbers up to 64-bits
result = name + stlsoft::integer_to_string(numstr, 21, age);

// 10. with STLSoft's winstl::int_to_string()
result = name + winstl::int_to_string(age);

// 11. With Poco NumberFormatter
result = name + Poco::NumberFormatter().format(age);

is safe, but slow; requires Boost (header-only); most/all platforms is safe, requires C++11 (to_string() is already included in #include <string>) is safe, and fast; requires FastFormat, which must be compiled; most/all platforms (ditto) is safe, and fast; requires the {fmt} library, which can either be compiled or used in a header-only mode; most/all platforms safe, slow, and verbose; requires #include <sstream> (from standard C++) is brittle (you must supply a large enough buffer), fast, and verbose; itoa() is a non-standard extension, and not guaranteed to be available for all platforms is brittle (you must supply a large enough buffer), fast, and verbose; requires nothing (is standard C++); all platforms is brittle (you must supply a large enough buffer), probably the fastest-possible conversion, verbose; requires STLSoft (header-only); most/all platforms safe-ish (you don't use more than one int_to_string() call in a single statement), fast; requires STLSoft (header-only); Windows-only is safe, but slow; requires Poco C++ ; most/all platforms

在c++ 20中，你可以有一个可变变量lambda，它可以在几行内将任意可流类型连接到字符串:

auto make_string=[os=std::ostringstream{}](auto&& ...p) mutable 
{ 
  (os << ... << std::forward<decltype(p)>(p) ); 
  return std::move(os).str();
};

int main() {
std::cout << make_string("Hello world: ",4,2, " is ", 42.0);
}

参见https://godbolt.org/z/dEe9h75eb

使用move(os).str()可以保证下次调用lambda时ostringstream对象的stringbuffer为空。