这是另一种方法。

my_map = {'a': 1, 'b': 2}

inv_map= {}
for key in my_map.keys() :
    val = my_map[key]
    inv_map[val] = key

除了上面建议的其他函数，如果你喜欢lambdas:

invert = lambda mydict: {v:k for k, v in mydict.items()}

或者，你也可以这样做:

invert = lambda mydict: dict( zip(mydict.values(), mydict.keys()) )

与值不同，字典需要在字典中有一个唯一的键，因此我们必须将反向的值附加到一个sort列表中，以便包含在新的特定键中。

def r_maping(dictionary):
    List_z=[]
    Map= {}
    for z, x in dictionary.iteritems(): #iterate through the keys and values
        Map.setdefault(x,List_z).append(z) #Setdefault is the same as dict[key]=default."The method returns the key value available in the dictionary and if given key is not available then it will return provided default value. Afterward, we will append into the default list our new values for the specific key.
    return Map

字典值为集合的一种情况。如:

some_dict = {"1":{"a","b","c"},
        "2":{"d","e","f"},
        "3":{"g","h","i"}}

逆函数是:

some_dict = {vi: k  for k, v in some_dict.items() for vi in v}

输出如下:

{'c': '1',
 'b': '1',
 'a': '1',
 'f': '2',
 'd': '2',
 'e': '2',
 'g': '3',
 'h': '3',
 'i': '3'}

Python 3 +:

inv_map = {v: k for k, v in my_map.items()}

Python 2:

inv_map = {v: k for k, v in my_map.iteritems()}

假设字典中的值是唯一的:

Python 3:

dict((v, k) for k, v in my_map.items())

Python 2:

dict((v, k) for k, v in my_map.iteritems())