我同意japollock的说法当你不确定手术的结果时就放弃接受。调用api、访问文件系统、数据库调用等。任何时候你都要超越编程语言的“界限”。

我想补充一点，请随意抛出一个标准异常。除非你打算做一些“不同”的事情(忽略，电子邮件，日志，显示twitter鲸鱼图片之类的东西)，否则不要费心自定义异常。

如果用户名无效或密码不正确，这不是一个例外。这些都是在正常操作流程中应该预料到的事情。异常不属于正常程序操作的一部分，而且相当罕见。

我不喜欢使用异常，因为仅仅通过查看调用就无法判断一个方法是否引发了异常。这就是为什么只有当你不能以一种体面的方式处理这种情况时才应该使用异常(比如“内存不足”或“电脑着火了”)。

其他人建议不应该使用异常，因为在正常流程中，如果用户输入错误，就会出现错误的登录。我不同意，我不明白其中的道理。与打开文件相比。如果该文件不存在或由于某种原因不可用，则框架将抛出异常。使用上述逻辑是微软的一个错误。他们应该返回一个错误代码。解析、webrequest等也一样。

I don't consider a bad login part of a normal flow, it's exceptional. Normally the user types the correct password, and the file does exist. The exceptional cases are exceptional and it's perfectly fine to use exceptions for those. Complicating your code by propagating return values through n levels up the stack is a waste of energy and will result in messy code. Do the simplest thing that could possibly work. Don't prematurely optimize by using error codes, exceptional stuff by definition rarely happens, and exceptions don't cost anything unless you throw them.

最终，决定取决于是使用异常处理更有助于处理此类应用程序级错误，还是通过您自己的机制(如返回状态代码)更有帮助。我不认为哪个更好有一个严格的规则，但我会考虑:

Who's calling your code? Is this a public API of some sort or an internal library? What language are you using? If it's Java, for example, then throwing a (checked) exception puts an explicit burden on your caller to handle this error condition in some way, as opposed to a return status which could be ignored. That could be good or bad. How are other error conditions in the same application handled? Callers won't want to deal with a module that handles errors in an idiosyncratic way unlike anything else in the system. How many things can go wrong with the routine in question, and how would they be handled differently? Consider the difference between a series of catch blocks that handle different errors and a switch on an error code. Do you have structured information about the error you need to return? Throwing an exception gives you a better place to put this information than just returning a status.

主要有两类异常:

1)系统异常(如数据库连接丢失)或 2)用户异常。(例如用户输入验证，“密码不正确”)

我发现创建自己的用户异常类很有帮助，当我想抛出一个用户错误时，我想要以不同的方式处理(即资源错误显示给用户)，然后我在我的主错误处理程序中所需要做的就是检查对象类型:

            If TypeName(ex) = "UserException" Then
               Display(ex.message)
            Else
               DisplayError("An unexpected error has occured, contact your help  desk")                   
               LogError(ex)
            End If

for me Exception should be thrown when a required technical or business rule fails. for instance if a car entity is associated with array of 4 tires ... if one tire or more are null ... an exception should be Fired "NotEnoughTiresException" , cuz it can be caught at different level of the system and have a significant meaning through logging. besides if we just try to flow control the null and prevent the instanciation of the car . we might never never find the source of the problem , cuz the tire isn't supposed to be null in the first place .