是否有一种方法可以在执行查询时显示Django正在运行的SQL ?
当前回答
我把这个函数放在我项目中的一个应用程序的util文件中:
import logging
import re
from django.db import connection
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
def sql_logger():
logger.debug('TOTAL QUERIES: ' + str(len(connection.queries)))
logger.debug('TOTAL TIME: ' + str(sum([float(q['time']) for q in connection.queries])))
logger.debug('INDIVIDUAL QUERIES:')
for i, query in enumerate(connection.queries):
sql = re.split(r'(SELECT|FROM|WHERE|GROUP BY|ORDER BY|INNER JOIN|LIMIT)', query['sql'])
if not sql[0]: sql = sql[1:]
sql = [(' ' if i % 2 else '') + x for i, x in enumerate(sql)]
logger.debug('\n### {} ({} seconds)\n\n{};\n'.format(i, query['time'], '\n'.join(sql)))
然后,当需要时,我只是导入它,并从任何上下文(通常是视图)调用它是必要的,例如:
# ... other imports
from .utils import sql_logger
class IngredientListApiView(generics.ListAPIView):
# ... class variables and such
# Main function that gets called when view is accessed
def list(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
response = super(IngredientListApiView, self).list(request, *args, **kwargs)
# Call our function
sql_logger()
return response
在模板之外这样做很好,因为如果你有API视图(通常是Django Rest框架),它也适用于模板。
其他回答
使用django.db.connection.queries查看查询
from django.db import connection
print(connection.queries)
访问QuerySet对象上的原始SQL查询
qs = MyModel.objects.all()
print(qs.query)
另一个选项,请参阅本文中描述的settings.py中的日志记录选项
http://dabapps.com/blog/logging-sql-queries-django-13/
Debug_toolbar会降低开发服务器上每个页面的加载速度,而日志记录则不会,因此速度更快。输出可以转储到控制台或文件,所以UI不是很好。但是对于包含大量sql的视图,通过debug_toolbar调试和优化sql可能需要很长时间,因为每个页面加载都非常慢。
在django中,如果你有这样的查询:
MyModel.objects.all()
do:
MyModel.objects.all().query.sql_with_params()
or:
str(MyModel.objects.all().query)
来获取SQL字符串
如果你确保你的settings.py文件有:
django.core.context_processors.debug中列出的 DEBUG = True INTERNAL_IPS元组中的IP
然后您应该可以访问sql_queries变量。我在每个页面上都添加了一个页脚,如下所示:
{%if sql_queries %}
<div class="footNav">
<h2>Queries</h2>
<p>
{{ sql_queries|length }} Quer{{ sql_queries|pluralize:"y,ies" }}, {{sql_time_sum}} Time
{% ifnotequal sql_queries|length 0 %}
(<span style="cursor: pointer;" onclick="var s=document.getElementById('debugQueryTable').style;s.disp\
lay=s.display=='none'?'':'none';this.innerHTML=this.innerHTML=='Show'?'Hide':'Show';">Show</span>)
{% endifnotequal %}
</p>
<table id="debugQueryTable" style="display: none;">
<col width="1"></col>
<col></col>
<col width="1"></col>
<thead>
<tr>
<th scope="col">#</th>
<th scope="col">SQL</th>
<th scope="col">Time</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for query in sql_queries %}
<tr class="{% cycle odd,even %}">
<td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
<td>{{ query.sql|escape }}</td>
<td>{{ query.time }}</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
{% endif %}
通过添加一行,我得到了变量sql_time_sum
context_extras['sql_time_sum'] = sum([float(q['time']) for q in connection.queries])
到django_src/django/core/context_processors.py中的debug函数。
从django获取查询结果到数据库(使用正确的参数替换) 你可以使用这个函数:
from django.db import connection
def print_database_query_formatted(query):
sql, params = query.sql_with_params()
cursor = connection.cursor()
cursor.execute('EXPLAIN ' + sql, params)
db_query = cursor.db.ops.last_executed_query(cursor, sql, params).replace('EXPLAIN ', '')
parts = '{}'.format(db_query).split('FROM')
print(parts[0])
if len(parts) > 1:
parts = parts[1].split('WHERE')
print('FROM{}'.format(parts[0]))
if len(parts) > 1:
parts = parts[1].split('ORDER BY')
print('WHERE{}'.format(parts[0]))
if len(parts) > 1:
print('ORDER BY{}'.format(parts[1]))
# USAGE
users = User.objects.filter(email='admin@admin.com').order_by('-id')
print_database_query_formatted(users.query)
输出示例
SELECT "users_user"."password", "users_user"."last_login", "users_user"."is_superuser", "users_user"."deleted", "users_user"."id", "users_user"."phone", "users_user"."username", "users_user"."userlastname", "users_user"."email", "users_user"."is_staff", "users_user"."is_active", "users_user"."date_joined", "users_user"."latitude", "users_user"."longitude", "users_user"."point"::bytea, "users_user"."default_search_radius", "users_user"."notifications", "users_user"."admin_theme", "users_user"."address", "users_user"."is_notify_when_buildings_in_radius", "users_user"."active_campaign_id", "users_user"."is_unsubscribed", "users_user"."sf_contact_id", "users_user"."is_agree_terms_of_service", "users_user"."is_facebook_signup", "users_user"."type_signup"
FROM "users_user"
WHERE "users_user"."email" = 'admin@admin.com'
ORDER BY "users_user"."id" DESC
它基于这个票证评论:https://code.djangoproject.com/ticket/17741#comment:4
推荐文章
- 证书验证失败:无法获得本地颁发者证书
- 当使用pip3安装包时,“Python中的ssl模块不可用”
- 无法切换Python与pyenv
- Python if not == vs if !=
- 如何在Ruby On Rails中使用NuoDB手动执行SQL命令
- 查询JSON类型内的数组元素
- 如何在django应用程序中显示favicon ?
- 如何从scikit-learn决策树中提取决策规则?
- 为什么在Mac OS X v10.9 (Mavericks)的终端中apt-get功能不起作用?
- 确定记录是否存在的最快方法
- 将旋转的xtick标签与各自的xtick对齐
- 为什么元组可以包含可变项?
- 如何合并字典的字典?
- 获得PostgreSQL数据库中当前连接数的正确查询
- 如何创建类属性?